Biologija in ogroženost petelinčka (Zerynthia polyxena) v Sloveniji

Gaberšek, Špela (author), Verovnik, Rudi (mentor)

V diplomski nalogi sem proučevala razširjenost mezotermofilnega metulja petelinčka (Zerynthia polyxena) v Sloveniji, njegovo ogroženost in ukrepe, s katerimi bi ogroženost zmanjšali. Glavni dejavnik, ki določa prostorsko razporeditev odraslih osebkov, je gostiteljska rastlina iz rodu podraščec (Aristolochia spp.). Zaradi izgube habitata spada petelinček v srednji Evrope med ogrožene vrste, v Sloveniji pa je uvrščen na Rdeči seznam ogroženih metuljev, kjer je označen kot ranljiva (V) vrsta. Ogroža jih predvsem pogozdovanje, intenzivno obdelovanje vinogradov s pesticidi, zaraščanje ekstenzivnih travišč, odstranjevanje robne vegetacije ter lov zaradi zbirateljstva. Raziskavo o razširjenosti petelinčka v Slovenji smo opravili s pomočjo pregleda podatkov opažanj metulja na različnih lokacijah v različnih obdobjih (<1990, 1995-2005, >2005). Pri tem smo uporabili metodi dejanske in celotne razširjenosti. Rezultati teh metod so pokazali, da se je razširjenost vrste Z. polyxena v zadnjih desetletjih povečala, kar pa je v nasprotju s podatki iz literature, ki opozarjajo na lokalna izumrtja vrste. Glavni razlog za ogroženost je kmetijstvo, saj se s poseganjem v naravo krči njegove habitate in posledično razširjenost vrste upada. Ogroženost bi lahko zmanjšali z manjšo uporabo herbicidov in pesticidov, predvsem na vinorodnih območjih, kjer je uporaba pesticidov najbolj problematična.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: petelinček
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2016
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-87005
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11308873
• Publication date in RUL: 05.09.2017

GABERŠEK, Špela, 2016, Biologija in ogroženost petelinčka (Zerynthia polyxena) v Sloveniji [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 3 June 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=87005

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Biology and endangerment of Southern Festoon (Zerynthia polyxena) in Slovenia

Abstract

This study focuses on the distribution of the meso-thermophilous butterfly Southern Festoon (Zerynthia polyxena) in Slovenia, its endangerment and mitigation measures. The key factor, which determines the spatial distribution of adult butterflies, is the presence of the host plant of the genus Aristolochia spp. Due to loss of its natural habitat the Southern Festoon is now considered an endangered species in the Central Europe. In Slovenia, it is on the Red List of Threatened Species categorised as vulnerable species (V). The Southern Festoon is threatened by reforestation, regular use of pesticides in the vineyards, spontaneous afforestation of marginal grasslands, disposal of marginal vegetation and collecting. The study on distribution of the Southern Festoon in Slovenia was conducted with data collected from sources which included butterfly sighting in different areas and time frames (<1990, 1995–2005, >2005). The methods of actual distribution and complete range were used. The results showed increase in the distribution of the Southern Festoon in the last decades which is in contrast to literature, which suggest local extinctions of the species. The main cause of endangerment is agriculture because encroachment upon nature causes the loss of habitat, which affects species distribution. The endangerment could be reduced by lowering herbicide and pesticide use, especially in wine-growing areas where the use of pesticides is most harmful.

• Keywords: Southern Festoon