Raziskava optimalnega ravnanja z odpadki v gospodarski družbi X : diplomska naloga

Rakanović, Dragana (author), Drev, Darko (mentor), Krzyk, Mario (co-mentor)

Varovanje okolja je dandanes vpeto v skoraj vse sfere našega življenja ravno zaradi zavedanja krhkosti narave in zdravja ljudi. Zato države sprejemajo vedno strožjo okoljevarstveno politiko, ki nalaga odgovornejše ravnanje z odpadki in katere cilj je preprečevanje nastanka odpadkov, njihova ponovna uporaba, recikliranje in predelava odpadkov, vse z namenom zmanjšati količino na odlagališčih in zmanjšati uporabo naravnih virov ter negativnih vplivov na okolje. Podjetje X sodi v panogo, katerega obseg onesnaževanja okolja je lahko večjih dimenzij. Zato se v podjetju X trudijo zadostiti zahtevam zakonodaje in vodijo aktivno okoljsko politiko s številnimi uspešnimi aktivnostmi za varovanje okolja. Pri ravnanju z odpadki velja hierarhija ravnanja z njimi v skladu z evropsko zakonodajo, in sicer: preprečevanje, priprava za ponovno uporabo, recikliranje, drugi postopki predelave in odstranjevanje odpadkov. Ravnanje z odpadki v podjetju X zajema vse postopke rokovanja od povzročitelja, preko zbiralca do predelave ali odstranitve odpadka, vse postopke nadzora, dokumentiranja in poročanja. Tehnični, organizacijski in drugi ukrepi za preprečevanje in zmanjševanje nastajanja odpadkov in njihovih škodljivih vplivov na okolje in zdravje ljudi so predpisani s sistemskimi splošnimi postopki internih pravilnikov o ravnanju z odpadki. V diplomski nalogi predstavljam vrste odpadkov, ki nastajajo pri delovanju podjetja X, in trenutno rokovanje z njimi, podajam pregled porabe energentov, izpuste emisij v zrak in v vodo, rast količine odpadkov v obdobju od leta 2010 do 2015 ter končno oceno vpliva na okolje in ukrepov za zmanjšanje emisij in odpadkov. V raziskavi se je izpostavilo, da se podjetje sooča s težavami pri rokovanju z naslednjimi vrstami odpadkov: lesenimi paletami, plastičnimi sodi iz proizvodnje, nehalogeniranimi topili in odpadnimi blistri. Trenutno rokovanje z njimi je dokaj uspešno, vendar podjetje stremi k novim, optimalnejšim rešitvam, ki bodo prinesli zadovoljivejše rezultate tako za podjetje kot okolje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gradbeništvo, diplomska naloga, UNI, VKI, odpadki, ravnanje z odpadki, varovanje okolja
• Work type: Undergraduate thesis
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [D. Rakanović]
• Year: 2016
• Number of pages: XIII, 54 str., [7] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-85667
• UDC: 502/504:628.4(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 7723617
• Publication date in RUL: 07.11.2016

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Research of the optimal waste management in the Company X

Abstract

Environmental protection is nowadays embedded in almost all spheres of our life, precisely because of the awareness fragility of nature and human health. Therefore, countries are adopting ever stricter environmental policy, which imposes more responsible waste management, which aim is to prevent waste and its reuse, recycling and recovery of waste, with the aim to reduce the amount on landfills and reduce the use of natural resources and the negative impacts on the environment. Company X belongs to a branch, which extent of environmental pollution can be of larger dimensions. Therefore, the Company X is trying to meet the requirements of legislation and lead an active environmental policy with number of successful operations to protect the environment. The waste management hierarchy involves, according to legislation, following the prevention, preparing for re-use, recycling, other recovery operations and waste disposal. Waste management in the company X includes all the procedures of agent handling, via the collector to the recovery or disposal of waste, all the control procedures, documentation and reporting. Technical, organizational and other measures for the waste prevention and reduction and its harmful effects on the environment and human health are regulated by systemic standard procedures of internal rules on waste management. This thesis presents the types of waste generated by the Company X, currently waste management, an overview of energy consumption, atmospheric release of emissions into the air and water, waste growth in the period from 2010 to 2015 and the final evaluation of the environmental impact and emissions and waste reduce precautions. The study has pointed out that the company faces difficulties in dealing with the following types of waste: wooden pallets, plastic barrels, production of halogenated solvents and waste blisters. Currently, the handling is quite successful, but the company strives for new, optimal solutions that would deliver more satisfying results for both the company and the environment.

• Keywords: graduation thesis, civil engineering, waste, waste management, protection of the environment