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Spoznanja o delovanju možganov in nevromiti pri bodočih učiteljih razrednega pouka
ID Rems, Polona (Author), ID Smrtnik Vitulić, Helena (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

URLURL - Presentation file, Visit http://pefprints.pef.uni-lj.si/3684/ This link opens in a new window

Abstract
S porastom novih spoznanj o delovanju možganov, ki jih v zadnjih dveh desetletjih omogoča napredek tehnologije, nastajajo neosnovane, neresnične trditve, t. i. nevromiti, na katere naletimo pri prebiranju poljudne literature in v popularnih tiskanih medijih s področja nevroznanosti. Nevromiti ne dosegajo kriterijev znanstvene preverljivosti, med njimi pa je nekaj takšnih, ki lahko pomembno vplivajo na učiteljevo delo v šoli, saj so povezani s področjem vzgoje in izobraževanja. Med pogostejšimi nevromiti, ki se pogosteje pojavljajo pri učiteljih, so npr.: z razlikami v dominantnosti možganskih hemisfer (levi možgani, desni možgani) lahko razložimo individualne razlike med učenci pri učenju; obstajajo kritična obdobja v otroštvu, po katerih se določenih stvari ni več mogoče naučiti; posamezniki se bolje učijo, kadar sprejemajo informacije v svojem prevladujočem učnem stilu (npr. slušnem, vidnem, kinestetičnem) idr. Za učitelje je pomembno poznavanje osnovne zgradbe in delovanje možganov, da so do nepreverjenih znanstvenih informacij o možganih ustrezno kritični in tudi pri svojem delu izhajajo iz znanstveno preverjenih spoznanj o delovanju možganov, saj s tem lahko izboljšajo svojo poučevalno prakso. V empiričnem delu magistrskega dela so prikazani rezultati raziskave med študenti 1. letnika razrednega pouka (n = 79) in podiplomskimi študenti smeri Poučevanje na razredni stopnji (n = 52). V raziskavi smo želeli ugotoviti, v kolikšni meri se bodoči učitelji razrednega pouka zanimajo za znanstvena spoznanja o možganih, za kako pomembna ocenjujejo le-ta spoznanja za učenje in poučevanje ter v kolikšni meri opisujejo delovanje možganov z nevromiti. Zanimalo nas je tudi, ali študenti, ki se bolj zanimajo za znanstvena spoznanja o možganih, prepoznajo več nevromitov kot drugi študenti ter ali študenti, ki prebirajo poljudno literaturo o delovanju možganov, tudi pogosteje odgovarjajo z nevromiti kot tisti, ki se ne seznanjajo s to vrsto literature. V raziskavi smo uporabili del vprašalnika o poznavanju delovanja možganov in njihovem pomenu za vzgojno-izobraževalno delo, oblikovanega za namen širše raziskave o nevromitih v edukaciji (Tancig, Smrtnik Vitulić, Prosen in Poljšak, 2014/15). Rezultati so pokazali, da se večina vključenih študentov zanima za spoznanja o možganih in jih ocenjujejo kot pomembna za učenje in poučevanje. Pri študentih je bilo prepoznanih pet od možnih devetih nevromitov o delovanju možganov. Podiplomski študenti so pogosteje izrazili svoje strinjanje z nevromiti kot študenti 1. letnika razrednega pouka. Med študenti, ki prebirajo poljudno literaturo o možganih in tistimi, ki jo ne, se niso pokazale pomembne razlike v pogostosti strinjanja z nevromiti. Študentje, ki jih znanstvena spoznanja o možganih manj oz. ne zanimajo, so se pogosteje strinjali z enim nevromitom kot študentje, ki se zanimajo za omenjena spoznanja. Ugotovitve raziskave so lahko podlaga za učinkovitejše načrtovanje študijskih vsebin ter morebitno pripravo dodatnih izobraževanj na področju nevroznanosti in njene povezanosti s področjem vzgoje ter izobraževanja, kar bo posledično omogočilo kakovostnejše delo z učenci.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:možgani
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PEF - Faculty of Education
Year:2016
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-84890 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:11140681 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:09.09.2016
Views:1734
Downloads:233
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Perceptions about brain functions and neuromyths in the student primary school teachers
Abstract:
By increasing new perceptions about brain functions which are enabled by new technologies, a new terminology is established, called neuromyth, which can be found while reading general literature and in popular media. Neuromyths do not achieve criteria of scientific approval, among them there are few, that can have major impact on teacher and his work in school, because they are related with area of education. There are several neuromyths, which often appear among teachers, for example: difference in dominance of both brain hemispheres (left and right hemisphere) can explain individual differences among students during study, there are critical phases in childhood after which certain things cannot be taught again, individuals learn better when they learn in theirs dominant learning style (hearing, visual, kinesthetic), etc. It is important for teachers to know the basic structure and operation of brains so they can be critical towards unproven scientific information and that they perform lessons based on proven scientific thesis, therefore improving their teaching practices. The empirical part of master`s thesis consist of conclusions based on survey (n = 79) of first grade students of primary school program and based on post-graduate students of primary school program (n = 52). Our purpose of the research was to find out how many futures primary school teachers are interested in scientific researches of brains, how much do they find these researches important and how much do they rely on neuromyths. We were also asking if students, who are more interested in scientific brain researches, at the same time also spot more neuromyths than others. We were also asking if students, who are reading public media about brain functions, often reply with neuromyths than others. A survey was made during research. Results of the survey were analyzed in SPSS software. In the research we used a part of the survey about brain functions and their meaning for educational work, designed for wide area research about neuromyths in educational work (Tancig, Smrtnik Vitulić, Prosen in Poljšak, 2014/15). Results showed that majority of future teachers is interested in brain operations and they believe that this knowledge is (very) important for teaching. Future teachers described brain operations with five neuromyths out of nine possible. The comparison between students also showed that post-graduate students more often agree with neuromyths than students in their first year of study. We also discovered that students who read articles about brains in public media did more often reply with a neuromyth in comparison to those students who do not read similar articles. Students who have less or no interest about scientific brain articles, they more often agree with a neuromyth in comparison to students who have bigger interest about mentioned findings. Results of research can provide a basis for more efficient planning of study scope and planning of additional trainings regarding neuroscience for teachers could improve the quality of education.

Keywords:brains

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