Dejavniki tveganja za nastanek glasovnih težav pri pevcih

Godeša, Marjeta (author), Ozbič, Martina (mentor), Hočevar Boltežar, Irena (co-mentor)

Pevci so glasovno precej bolj obremenjeni od ljudi, ki ne pojejo, zato bi morali poznati dejavnike, ki negativno vplivajo na petje, ter jih pri sebi iskati. Na podlagi literature in predvsem osebnih izkušenj, menim, da se večina pevcev zaveda, ko je kaj narobe z njihovimi glasovi (zaradi nezmožnosti oz. slabega petja). Ne vedo pa natančno, kako bi preprečevali te težave z glasom. V diplomski nalogi Dejavniki tveganja za nastanek glasovnih težav pri pevcih sem raziskovala, koliko pevci poznajo negativne dejavnike za nastanek glasovnih motenj, ter, če jih poznajo, ali jih upoštevajo in s tem skrbijo za glas. V teoretičnem delu sem se osredotočila na petje samo, na nastanek glasu, zvoka ter opisala glasovni aparat in naštela glasovne motnje ter njihov možen izvor. V empiričnem delu sem z vprašalnikom preverila poznavanje dejavnikov tveganja za nastanek glasovnih motenj. Na vprašanja je odgovarjala večja skupina pevcev iz širšega dela Slovenije (N=114). Kasneje sem k sodelovanju povabila manjšo izbrano skupino pevcev (N=21). Opazovala sem njihov glas, držo telesa, morebitne glasovne težave ... in dobljene parametre iz vprašalnika primerjala z mojimi opazovanji med pevsko vajo in med osebnim pogovorom. Večina opazovanj je temeljila na podlagi delitve pevcev v dve skupini, in sicer skupino pevcev brez glasovnih motenj (le-ti so se opredelili, da imajo glasovne motnje manj kot trikrat na leto oz. jih sploh nimajo) ter skupino pevcev z glasovnimi motnjami (ta skupina se je opredelila, da ima glasovne motnje trikrat na leto oz. skoraj vsak mesec). Za pomemben dejavnik tveganja za nastanek glasovnih motenj se je izkazala poklicna glasovna obremenjenost, delno tudi dolžina pevske kariere (več let kot pevci pojejo, več težav imajo z glasom) ter védenje, da pravilna drža telesa pripomore k boljšemu petju. Logopedska stroka se med drugim ukvarja tudi z glasom. Zato menim, da bi morali posvetiti glasu več skrbi, mu nameniti več pozornosti in delati na preventivi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: glas
• Work type: Undergraduate thesis
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2016
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-84518
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11119177
• Publication date in RUL: 09.09.2016

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Risk factors responsible for the occurrence of voice problems in singers

Abstract

In comparison to non-singers, the singers' speech organs is much more under strain. For this reason singers should be able to understand and recognize the factors that have a negative impact on their voices. From literature and mainly from personal experience I can say that singers are usually aware when something is not right with their voices (either the singing becomes bad or they are suddenly unable to sing), but they are uncertain as to how to deal with the problem. In this thesis entitled Risk factors responsible for the occurence of voice problems among singers I tried to determine if or how well singers recognize negative factors causing voice problems and whether they care for their voices by taking these factors into account. The theoretical part focuses on singing, voice and sound production, but also on vocal aparatus. Furthermore, it includes a list of voice problems and their possible origin. The empirical part is based on a survey which served as a tool to check the knowledged of risk factors for voice problems among singers. The participants were members of a large group of singers from different parts of Slovenia (N=114). I also included in my research a smaller selected group of singers (N=21) whome I closely observed by paying attention to their voices, posture, possible voice problems, etc. Finally, I compared the parameters obtained from the survey with my findings from choir practices and interviews. I mainly observed the singers by dividing them into two groups: the first one included singers without voice problems (i.e. singers without voice problems or those who observe voice problems less than three times a year); the second group included singers with voice problems (i.e. singers who suffer from voice problems each month or at least three times a year). The research has shown that occupations with severe vocal loading, partly also the length of someone's singing career (the longer they sing the more voice problems they experience) and the understanding of the importance of correct posture for better singing appear among important risk factors for the development of voice problems. Voice is one of points of interest in speech therapy. I believe we should focus more in this profession on the voice and prevention of voice problems.

• Keywords: voice