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Samomor in mladostniki: preventivna vloga specialnega in rehabilitacijskega pedagoga
ID Urbič, Beno (Author), ID Zgaga, Pavel (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Tancig, Simona (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

URLURL - Presentation file, Visit http://pefprints.pef.uni-lj.si/3481/ This link opens in a new window

Abstract
Uvod: Samomor je zaskrbljujoč javnozdravstveni, pa tudi socialni ne nazadnje vzgojno-izobraževalni problem, ki ga največkrat opredelimo kot namensko samopoškodovanje, ki se konča s smrtjo, oziroma z odvzemom lastnega življenja. Žal se dandanes za samomorilno dejanje odloči vse več mladih. Med najbolj prizadetimi regijami v Sloveniji so Prekmurje, Štajerska in Koroška. Med dejavnike tveganja prištevamo spol, pridružene duševne motnje, starost, stan, brezposelnost in neugodno družbeno okolje. Generalno jih združimo v tri kategorije dejavnikov tveganja: individualni, medosebni, družbeni. Ocenjevanje samomorilne ogroženosti je pomembno predvsem pri motnjah, s katerimi se specialni in rehabilitacijski pedagogi srečujemo na dnevni ravni: duševne motnje otrok, kronična telesna obolenja, uporaba prepovedanih substanc, agresija, depresija. Specialni in rehabilitacijski pedagogi ter vsi ostali šolski strokovnjaki morajo razumeti, kaj otroka oziroma mladostnika vodi v samomorilno vedenje, da lahko oceni samomorilno ogroženost. Namen: Namen diplomske naloge je bil spomniti se zgodovine samomora in njegovega raziskovanja, predstaviti dejavnike tveganja za samomorilnost ter prikazati vlogo in funkcijo specialnih in rehabilitacijskih pedagogov, zaposlenih v osnovnih šolah, pri srečevanju s problematiko samomorilnosti. Metode dela: V teoretičnem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom domače in tuje literature. V empiričnem delu pa je bila raziskovana populacija specialnih in rehabilitacijskih pedagoginj, profesoric defektologije ter psihologije z delovno dobo nad dvajset let. Kvalitativni podatki so bili zbrani s polstrukturiranim intervjujem ter analizo vsebine. Rezultati: Intervjuvali smo sedem zaposlenih, v vseh primerih je bila intervjuvana oseba ženskega spola s fakultetno izobrazbo. Ugotovili smo, da je delo z mladostniki s psihičnimi težavami danes težje, kot je bilo včasih, vse več je gibalno oviranih oseb in individualnih potreb. Pojavljata se agresija med mladostniki ter agresija do učiteljev s strani mladostnikov in tudi staršev. Sklepamo, da na slabe komunikacijske veščine vplivajo slabi odnosi v družinah, kar vodi v zaprtost mladostnikov in kasneje v tvegana vedenja. Ugotovili smo, da so se intervjuvanke srečale s primeri poskusov in dejanj samomora. Skoraj večina jih je navedla, da niso imele formalnih izobraževanj tekom dela na temo samomora med mladostniki in same preventive, ki bi jo morali kot šolski strokovnjaki obvladati. Razprava in sklep: Delo z mladostniki, pri katerih se kaže tendenca za samomorilno vedenje, je problematika, ki se pojavlja v osnovnih in srednjih šolah. S težavami zaradi nepoznavanja omenjene teme in premalo oziroma skoraj nič izobraževanj se srečujejo zaposleni v šolstvu, psihologiji, medicini in policiji. Ugotavljamo, da zaradi pomanjkanja izobraževanj čedalje večji problem predstavlja neznanje pri specialnih in rehabilitacijskih pedagogih, ki bi se morali izobraziti ter vpeljati dobro primarno preventivo na nivoju šole, ki je namenjena učencem, staršem oziroma družinam ter šolskim strokovnim delavcem.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:samomor med mladostniki
Work type:Not categorized
Organization:PEF - Faculty of Education
Year:2016
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-83227 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:11029577 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:24.08.2016
Views:1800
Downloads:289
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Suicide and adolescents: preventive role of special rehabilitation educator
Abstract:
Introduction: Suicide is a public health concern, as well as social, not least the educational problem, which often is defined as intentionally harming ending with death, or with the deprivation of one's life. Unfortunately, nowadays opt for suicidal act more and more young people. Among the most affected regions are Prekmurje in Slovenia, Styria and Carinthia. Among the risk factors belong sex, associated mental disorders, age, status, while unemployment and an unfavorable social environment. Generally we were combined into three categories of risk factors: individual, interpersonal, social. Assessment of suicide threat is especially important in case of disturbances which are special educators face on a daily basis: child mental disorders, chronic physical illness, use of illicit substances, aggression, depression. Special and rehabilitation educators and all other school professionals need to understand what the child or adolescent leads to suicidal behavior that can be assessed suicide risk. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to remember the history of suicide, and his research and present risk factors for suicide and to demonstrate the role and function of special and rehabilitation teachers working in primary schools, when meeting with the problem of suicide. Methods: In the theoretical part was used descriptive method works with the review of domestic and foreign literature. In the empirical part it has been studied population of special educator, professor of defectology and psychology with seniority over twenty years. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews and content analysis. Results: We interviewed seven employees, in all cases, the person interviewed women with a faculty education. We have found that working with mentally disturbed adolescents today is harder than it used to be, all the more disability and individual needs. There is aggression among adolescents, aggression towards teachers by adolescents and their parents. We conclude that poor communication skills affect poor family relationships, leading to constipation youth and later in risky behavior. We have found that all of the interviewee have met with cases of suicide attempts and acts. Almost most of them stated that they had no formal training during the work on the topic of suicide among adolescents and prevention alone, which would have as school professionals to master. Discussion and conclusion: Work with young people, which display a tendency for suicidal behavior is a problem that occurs in primary and secondary schools. Difficulties due to ignorance of these matters and lack of education, or almost anything they encounter working in education, psychology, medicine and police. We find that the bigger problem is ignorance due to lack of education, special and rehabilitation educators, which should educate and introduce good primary prevention at school level, which is aimed at children, parents and families and school professionals.

Keywords:suicide among adolescents

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