Razvoj napajalnika za avtomobilski žaromet iz svetlečih diod

MUŠIĆ, ADMIR (author), Krč, Janez (mentor)

Diplomsko delo obravnava razvoj napajalnika za žaromete iz svetlečih diod (ang. LED), od ideje in zasnove, do testiranja vezja in končnega izdelka. Prvo poglavje je namenjeno kratkemu pregledu različnih avtomobilskih žarometov. Opisane so svetleče diode in njihovo delovanje. Na avtomobilu je več svetil za različne aplikacije, zato so pomembne tudi barve LED. Spustili se bomo v delovanje, strukturo in karakteristiko bele LED, saj nam bodo ti podatki pogoj za izdelavo napajalnika. V drugem poglavju spoznamo več različnih načinov napajanja LED. Osredotočimo se na stikalne napajalnike. Razložimo njihovo delovanje in prednosti. Razvoj stikalnega napajalnika navzdol za LED v avtomobilskih žarometih opišemo v naslednjem poglavju. Začnemo z izbiro ustreznega integriranega vezja na podlagi naših zahtev ter izdelavo sheme vezja. Pod bolj kompleksne zahteve sodijo še dodatne zaščite, kot so zaščita proti prekomerni vhodni napetosti ter temperaturna zaščita. Da dosežemo uporabo LED žarometa v dveh aplikacijah, recimo dnevna luč in pozicija z eno LED, uporabimo pulzno širinsko modulacijo za nastavljanje svetilnosti. Po izdelavi shematike se posvetimo detajlni zasnovi in realizaciji tiskanega vezja. Tiskanina mora biti sistematično izrisana, tako da napajalnik pravilno deluje in ustreza elektromagnetni kompatibilnosti brez kakršnih motenj. Za lažjo izdelavo si pomagamo z napotkom za izdelavo tiskanega vezja za izbrano integrirano vezje, ki se nahaja v podatkovnem listu integriranega vezja. Na izdelanem vezju izvedemo električne teste in teste elektromagnetne kompatibilnosti. Ker imajo stikalni pretvorniki zelo dober izkoristek, se v tem delu ne bomo ukvarjali s temperaturnimi težavami ampak s težavami elektromagnetne kompatibilnosti, ki so vedno prisotni.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: žaromet, svetleča dioda, napajalnik, stikalni napajalnik, DC-DC pretvornik, razvoj, tiskanina, izkoristek, izgube, elektromagnetna kompatibilnost
• Work type: Undergraduate thesis
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2016
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-83122
• Publication date in RUL: 27.05.2016

MUŠIĆ, ADMIR, 2016, Razvoj napajalnika za avtomobilski žaromet iz svetlečih diod [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 25 June 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=83122

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Development of power supply unit for LED automotive headlamp

Abstract

The thesis deals with the development of the power supply for automotive LED headlamps, from idea and concept to the testing of electronic circuit and the final product. The first chapter is devoted to the review of the history of automotive headlamps. Described are the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and their functions. On the car there are more lights for different applications, so relevant is also color of LED. We will let in the operation, structure and characteristics of white LEDs, because all of these data are required to design a power supply. In the second chapter we will get to know many different ways to drive an LED. We focus on switching power supplies. We explain their operation and advantages. The development of switching power supply for LED headlamp is described in next chapter. We start by selecting the appropriate integrated circuit based on our requirements and start with making schematics. Under the more complex requirements belong additional protections, such as overvoltage and thermal protection. In order to achieve the usage of the headlamp in the two applications, such as daytime runing lamp and the position lamp with the single LED, the pulse-width modulation is used to adjust luminous intensity. After the schematic is created, we devote to detail design and realization of PCB (printed circuit board) layout. The PCB must be systematically drawn so that the LED driver is working properly and meets the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) without any interference. For easier design, we follow the layout guideline for chosen integrated circuit which can be found in datasheet of integrated circuit. On produced printed circuit board we perform electrical tests and tests of electromagnetic compatibility. Since switching converters have a very good efficiency we won’t deal with temperature problems but problems of electromagnetic compatibility, which are always present.

• Keywords: lamp, light emitting diode, power supply, switching power supply, DC-DC converter, development, printed circuit board, efficiency, losses, elektromagnetic compability