Razumevanje pojma gostota pri učencih razredne stopnje : magistrsko delo

Gačnik, Neda (author), Čepič, Mojca (mentor)

Naloga obravnava pojem gostote oziroma ali ga razumejo in kako ga razumejo učenci tretjih in petih razredov osnovne šole. Gostota je zahtevna fizikalna količina, ki se je ne da neposredno izmeriti. Semikvantitativna obravnava zahteva sklepanje ob sočasnem upoštevanju dveh spremenljivk, mase in prostornine. Spoznavanje gostote dodatno otežujejo neznanstvene razlage, povezane s plavanjem in potapljanjem ter z vsakdanjo uporabo besede gostota, ki se uporablja namesto fizikalnega pojma viskoznost. V nalogi me je zanimalo, kako tretje- in petošolci razumejo pojem gostote in s tem povezano razlagajo, zakaj predmeti plavajo oziroma potonejo, ter kakšne so razlike v njihovem razumevanju. Raziskava je kvalitativna, podatke pa sem zbirala z intervjujem ob poskusih. Intervju in poskuse sem sestavila sama. Vzorec je bil namenski. Vključenih je bilo šest učencev, trije iz 3. in trije iz 5. razreda. Ker sem vse učence poznala, sem izbirala tiste, od katerih sem pričakovala aktivno sodelovanje. Vzorec ni bil velik, saj so nas za potrebe raziskave zanimale kvalitativne značilnosti učenčevih odgovorov. Z opravljeno raziskavo sem dobila natančen vpogled v razumevanje pojma gostote pri obravnavanih tretje- in petošolcih in ugotovila kvalitativne razlike v njihovem razumevanju. Na podlagi pridobljenih spoznanj sem oblikovala smernice poučevanja pojma gostote na razredni stopnji, ki so lahko v pomoč učiteljem pri pouku naravoslovja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gostota, teža, kognitivni konflikt
• Work type: Master's thesis
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Publisher: [N. Gačnik Čebulj]
• Year: 2016
• Number of pages: VI, 154 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-81724
• UDC: 531.424:373.3(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 10985033
• Publication date in RUL: 25.05.2016

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Primary students' comprehension of density concept

Abstract

The topic of my work is the concept of density and whether or how it is comprehended among the third and five graders of primary school. The density is physical property that cannot be measured directly and therefore demanding for the students to grasp. A semi-quantitative treatment of the property requires deduction of the two properties mass and volume. Comprehension of density is hindered additionally due to unscientific explanation in relation to swimming and diving and by the common usage of the expression density instead of viscosity. In my study I was interested in how the third and the five graders understand density and its explanation, why objects float or sink, and what are the differences in their comprehension of density. By using qualitative research method I gathered the information with interviewing pupils while doing experiments. I used assigned sample in which I drew six pupils (three from the third grade and three from the fifth grade) that I knew well and chose those I had expected active cooperation. The sample was not big because I was primarily interested in the qualitative characteristics of the pupils' answers. With the outcome of the research I was given the precise insight of the pupils' comprehension of the concept of density and I also found out the qualitative differences in their comprehension. Based on the obtained findings I formed the guidelines in teaching the concept of density in primary schools which can also help teachers in science lessons.

• Keywords: density