Primerjava sistemov ravnanja in predelave odpadne embalaže med Slovenijo in Nemčijo : diplomska naloga

Mikec, Sara (author), Bokan-Bosiljkov, Violeta (mentor)

V diplomski nalogi smo opisali nemški in slovenski sistem ravnanja z odpadno embalažo, od zakonskih aktov do ravnanja v praksi. Zakonodaja evropske unije, z direktivo 94/62/ES določa državam članicam evropske unije prenos ciljev v nacionalne zakonodaje. Cilji evropske unije so predvsem vzpostavitev sistemov ravnanja z odpadno embalažo v vseh članicah in doseg določenega odstotka reciklirane odpadne embalaže v določenem časovnem obdobju. Slovenija je prenesla direktivo v nacionalno zakonodajo z Uredbo o ravnanju z embalažo in odpadno embalažo iz leta 2006. Nemčija pa je prvi predpis o odpadni embalaži sprejela že v letu 1991, in ga leta 1998 prilagodila zahtevam direktive 94/62/ES. Nemčija je uvedla ločeno zbiranje gospodinjske in industrijske odpadne embalaže prek dvojnega sistema skladnosti, kjer se embalaža iz gospodinjstev zbira in predeluje ločeno. Slovenija teh sistemov nima ločenih. Ključen podatek je razlika v reciklirani odpadni embalaži v obeh državah, Nemčija ima 24 % večji delež predelane odpadne embalaže kot Slovenija. Ocenjujemo, da je glavni razlog za to finančna stimulacija potrošnika k vračanju odpadne embalaže v Nemčiji ter pomanjkljiva in nekonsistentna zakonodaja v Sloveniji.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gradbeništvo, diplomska naloga, UNI, odpadna embalaža, predelava
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [S. Mikec]
• Year: 2015
• Number of pages: VIII, 28 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-73142
• COBISS.SI-ID: 7251553
• Publication date in RUL: 24.10.2015

MIKEC, Sara, 2015, Primerjava sistemov ravnanja in predelave odpadne embalaže med Slovenijo in Nemčijo : diplomska naloga [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : S. Mikec. [Accessed 6 June 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=73142

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Comparison of German and Slovene waste packaging systems

Abstract

In this graduate thesis, Slovene and German waste packaging systems were described and analysed, from legislation through to recycling procedures in practice. European Union Directive 94/62/ES dictates that member states should include certain waste packaging goals in their national legislation. These goals primarily relate to enforcement of waste packaging systems in all EU member states, and achievement of specific percentages of recycled waste packaging within specified time frames. Slovenia transferred the directive into its national legislation in 2006, with the regulation of packaging and waste packaging. Germany enacted the packaging ordinance (Verpackungsverordnung) in 1991 and harmonized it with the EU directive via enactment, in 1998. Germany introduced separate systems for household packaging waste using a dual system, according to which household waste packaging is separated with a special system. Slovenia does not separately treat household and industrial waste packaging. Data analysis highlighted a difference between the quantity of recycled waste packaging in Slovenia and in Germany; Germany recovers 24 % more waste packaging than Slovenia. We estimate that the difference stems firstly from a greater financial incentive for German consumers, which can be realised when certain forms of used packaging are returned to the point of purchase, in exchange for monetary compensation and secondly from certain legislation gaps in Slovenia.

• Keywords: recycling, household waste, waste packaging