Primerjava učinkovitosti sijalk pri poučevanju tehnoloških vsebin : magistrsko delo

Kosmač, Kaja (author), Kocijančič, Slavko (mentor)

Danes je trend uporabe svetil, ki za svoje delovanje porabijo kar najmanj električne delovne moči, tako imenovano zeleno osvetljevanje. V magistrskem delu so podrobneje opisane tri vrste svetil klasična žarnica, varčna sijalka ter svetleča dioda. Na podlagi eksperimenta smo navedenim vrstam svetil s pomočjo vatmetra izmerili električno delovno moč in jo primerjali z nazivnimi vrednostmi, podanimi na embalaži. Nato smo na podlagi izmerjenih vrednosti, glede na osvetljenost in porabo delovne moči, določili najučinkovitejše svetilo - to je svetleča dioda. V nadaljevanju smo posneli spektre vseh treh vrst svetil ter spekter sonca, na podlagi katerega smo določili svetilo, ki je najbolj podobno sončni svetlobi. Nato smo eksperimentalno preverili, katera vrsta svetil: klasična žarnica, varčna sijalka ali svetleča dioda, najbolje vpliva na rast in razvoj vrtne kreše, tržaškega radiča in fižola. Po devetdnevnem merjenju smo ugotovili, da na rast teh rastlin najbolje vpliva klasična žarnica, saj z oddajanjem toplote v prostor bistveno bolj vpliva na rast rastlin. Analizirali pa smo tudi vpliv enakih vrst svetil na rast vrtne kreše, tržaškega radiča ter fižola. Ugotovili smo, da je kljub uporabi enakih vrst svetil na različne rastline, v vseh primerih največjo višino dosegel fižol. Ker pa umetna svetila nimajo vpliva samo na rastline, smo preučili tudi vpliv svetil na delovanje ljudi. Za vzorec smo izbrali učence v sedmem razredu devetletne osnovne šole. Odločili smo se raziskati vpliv svetil na ugodje učencev pri branju. Na podlagi branja učencev so z anketnim vprašalnikom določili katera izmed tople bele, hladne bele in hladne dnevne svetlobe jim najbolje ugaja. Polovica učencev je za najugodnejše svetilo določila hladno belo svetlobo. Pri tem moramo opozoriti, da gre za učenčeva subjektivna mnenja o ustreznosti svetila. Ker pa je tematika o uporabi različnih vrst svetil zelo uporabna v vsakdanjem življenju, smo se odločili izbrani tematiki priložiti še osnutek za izvedbo naravoslovno-tehniškega dne za učence sedmega razreda osnovne šole. Učenci tako na podlagi učenja z raziskovanjem v okviru lastne aktivnosti ugotovijo, katera vrste svetil je najbolj ekonomična in jo je smiselno uporabljati v vsakdanjem življenju ter kako različne vrste svetil vplivajo tudi na rast in razvoj rastlin.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: varčna sijalka, svetleča dioda, svetlobni spekter, rast rastlin, ugodje človeka
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Publisher: [K. Kosmač]
• Year: 2015
• Number of pages: XII f., 50 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-72278
• UDC: 373.3.016:62(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 10679881
• Publication date in RUL: 10.09.2015

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The comparison of bulb effectiveness at teaching technological topics

Abstract

Nowadays there is a trend of using lights that use as less electrical power as possible, so called green lightening. In master´s thesis I defined different kind of lights - bulb, energy saving bulb and light emitting diode. We designed an experiment where electrical power for those kind of lights was measured by wattmeter and compared it to values that are defined on the package. Then we defined the most effective light on the bases of measured values in terms of lighting and electric power consumption that is light emitting diode. In addition we recorded the spectrum of all three kind of lights and the spectrum of sun which helped us to identify the light that suits the spectrum of sun the most. By experiment we have checked which kind of light: bulb, energy saving bulb or light emitting diode has the best impact on growth and development of garden cress, chicory and bean. After nine days of measuring we have found out that bulb has the biggest impact on growth of plants, the main reason is heat dissipation in space. We have analyzed also the impact of the same lights on growth of garden cress, chicory and bean. We found out that despite using the same kind of lights to different plants, beans have achieved the highest length. Artificial lights have also impact on what we do, not only on plants. We collected a sample of learners in seventh grade practice. We wanted to explore the impact of lights among learners in the process of reading. Through questionnaire we defined which kind of light (warm white, cool white, cool daylight) suits learners most. Half of all learners have reported that the most comfortable light is cool white. We have to warn that this is subjective opinion regarding adequacy of light. Because the theme of different kind of lights can be very useful in everyday life, we added also a preposition to conduct a technology activity day for learners in seventh grade practice. In terms of inquiry-based learning, learners can define which kind of lights are most effective and are useful in everyday life. They can also find out how different kind of lights effect on growth of plants.

• Keywords: Technology education