Razumevanje in izrekanje časovnega in vzročnega razmerja med dogodkoma pri predšolskih otrocih : diplomsko delo

Urbanč, Kaja (author), Bešter, Marja (mentor), Petek, Tomaž (co-mentor)

Diplomsko delo z naslovom Razumevanje in izrekanje časovnega in vzročnega razmerja med dogodkoma pri predšolskih otrocih je sestavljeno iz krajšega teoretičnega dela, v katerem sem predstavila pojma časovno in vzročno razmerje ter primere njune uporabe v predšolskem obdobju, ter empiričnega dela, ki je sestavljen iz podatkov, pridobljenih s pomočjo raziskave, opravljene neposredno z otroki, ter z anketo, opravljeno z vzgojiteljicami. Želela sem namreč raziskati, kakšno je razumevanje in izrekanje obeh razmerij pri triletnikih in petletnikih, ali so prisotne razlike glede na starost, spol in kraj vrtca, ki ga obiskujejo intervjuvani otroci. Poleg raziskave, s katero sem z desetimi pari sličic poskušala preveriti otrokovo prepoznavanje in izreko prepoznanega razmerja, je empirični del diplomskega dela vseboval še anketo, opravljeno z vzgojiteljicami iz mestnega in podeželskega vrtca. Rezultate sem primerjala glede na kraj, iz katerega prihajajo anketirane osebe. Rezultati raziskave z otroki so pokazali, da starost otrok vpliva na razumevanje in izražanje obeh razmerij. Pri večini primerov časovnega razmerja so se najboljše odrezali 5–5,5 leta stari dečki iz mestnega vrtca, sledili so jim 5–5,5 leta stari dečki, nato pa še starejše deklice iz mesta in s podeželja. Pri mlajših so se najboljše izkazale deklice iz podeželskega vrtca, sledile so jim deklice iz mestnega vrtca, nato še tamkajšnji dečki in nato dečki iz podeželskega vrtca. Pri vzročnem razmerju so bili rezultati še boljši. Pri petletnikih so najboljše rezultate spet dosegali dečki iz mestnega vrtca, sledili so jim dečki iz podeželskega vrtca, deklice s podeželja in nato deklice iz mestnega vrtca. Pri mlajših so vzročno razmerje najboljše prepoznavale deklice s podeželja, sledile so jim deklice iz mestnega vrtca, dečki iz mestnega, ter nato še dečki iz podeželskega vrtca. Analiza ankete, opravljene z vzgojiteljicami, je pokazala, da imajo vzgojiteljice v mestu in na podeželju enotno mnenje o raziskovanih razmerji, ter tudi precej podobne načine predstavljanja časovnega in vzročnega razmerja otrokom v vrtcu.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: časovno razmerje, vzročno razmerje, izrekanje, razumevanje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Publisher: [K. Urbanč]
• Year: 2015
• Number of pages: 201 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-71781
• UDC: 373.2.016:159.937.53(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 10611785
• Publication date in RUL: 29.07.2015

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Understanding and expressing time and causal relationships between two events in the pre-school period

Abstract

Thesis titled Understanding and expressing time and causal relationships between two events in the pre-school period consists of a short theoretical part, in which I presented notion of time and causal relationship, and examples of their use in the pre-school period, and empirical part, which consists of data, obtained with help of research directly with children, as well as via survey by kindergarten teachers. I wanted to explore understanding and expressing of both of the relationships, between children aged 3 and 5 years, the differences based on age, gender and place of the kindergarten they are attending. Besides the research directly with the children, with whom I was trying to check child's recognition and expression of time and causal relationships between two events – by using ten pairs of pictures that I have shown them, my empirical part also consisted a survey with kindergarten teachers from the city and country kindergarten. I compared the results according to the place where the respondents were coming from. The results of the research with children have shown that their age affects the understanding and expression of both relationships. In most cases with the time ratio, 5–5,5 years old boys from the city kindergarten were the best, followed by the 5–5,5 years old boys from the rural kindergarten, then girls from the city and girls from the rural kindergarten. In a group of younger children, the best results were shown by girls from the rural kindergarten, followed by girls from the city, the boys from city and then the boys from the rural kindergarten. In causal relationship, the results were even better. Five-year-olds from the city kindergarten had the best results again, followed by the boys and girls from the rural kindergarten and then the girls from the city. In a group of younger children, the best results in causal relationship were shown by the girls from the rural, followed by the girls from the city, the boys from the city and then the boys from the rural kindergarten. Analysis of survey with kindergarten teachers had shown that teachers in the city and in the countryside, have the same opinion on the research relationships, and also quite similar ways of representing time and causal relationship to the children in the nursery.

• Keywords: child