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Središča moči japonske družbe
ID Ferfila, Bogomil (Author)

URLURL - Presentation file, Visit http://dk.fdv.uni-lj.si/tip/tip20003ferfila.PDF This link opens in a new window

Abstract
Za tri velika japonska središča moči, veliki biznis, parlament in državno birokracijo, je značilna medsebojna odvisnost in povezanost. V primerjavi s strukturo središč moči v evropskih in avstraloazijskih državah na Japonskem manjka en blok - delo oziroma njegovi sindikalni predstavniki. Vsi zaposleni v japonskih korporacijah brez izjeme, pa naj gre za člane uprave, menedžerje ali zaposlene uslužbence, morajo biti brezpogojno podrejeni potrebam podjetja. "Korporativni vojščaki" morajo skoraj na vojaški način podrediti svoje interese korporacijskim. V zameno jim korporacija "kot nadbitje" vsako poletje in zimo izplača bonuse, ki so odvisni od uspešnosti poslovanja in ki lahko dosegajo večmesečne ali celo polletne plače. Splošno je znano, da je imela vladna birokracija pomembno vlogo v japonskem gospodarskem čudežu, bila je nekakšen generator gospodarskih reform. V ta namen je v birokratske vrste vsako leto rekturirala talentirane diplomante japonskih univerz kot karierne vladne uslužbence. Ključne pri izbiri so bile njihove menedžerske sposobnosti, vlada pa jim je v spodbudo podelila še visok uradni položaj, moč in ugled. Dolgoletna strategija konservativne vlade LDS je bila spodbujanje industrijskega in tehnološkega razvoja na račun socialnovarstvenih programov. Z vidika narodnega gospodarstva je bila takšna strategija več kot koristna, saj je spodbujala družinska gospodinjstva k maksimalnemu varčevanju, s katerim so si zagotavljala denar za upokojitev, pa tudi za vsa dražja stanovanja in šolsko izobraževanje.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:Japonska, korporacije, podjetja, podjetništvo, gospodarstvo, sindikati, industrijski odnosi
Work type:Not categorized
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:FDV - Faculty of Social Sciences
Year:2000
Number of pages:Str. 437-454
Numbering:Let. 37, št. 3
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-5480 This link opens in a new window
UDC:308(5/9)
ISSN on article:0040-3598
COBISS.SI-ID:19948381 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:11.07.2014
Views:1587
Downloads:276
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Teorija in praksa : revija za družbena vprašanja
Shortened title:Teor. praksa
Publisher:Fakulteta za družbene vede
ISSN:0040-3598
COBISS.SI-ID:763652 This link opens in a new window

Secondary language

Language:Unknown
Abstract:
Characteristics of three major Japanese power centres - business, parliament and state bureaucracy - are mutual dependence and connection. In comparison with the structure of power centres in European and Australasian states, Japan lacks one specific block - labour or its trade union representatives. All the employed in Japanese corporations must be unconditionally subordinated to the needs of the company, no matter whether they are members of managing board, managers or the employees. "Corporative soldiers" must in almost military way subordinate their interests to the interests of corporation. In exchange, every summer and winter the corporation "as superior being" pays out bonus, depending on efficiency of business and sometimes reaching the amount of few-month (even six-month) salary. It is well-know that the governmental bureaucracy played an important role in Japanese economic miracle- it was a sort of generator of economic reforms. For this purpose, talented graduates from Japanese universities were recruited as career governmental employees. The key factor were their managerial abilities and the government have stimulated them by giving them high official positions, power and reputation. The many years' strategy of the conservative LDS government was to encourage industrial and technological development to detriment of social security programmes. From the perspective of national economy this strategy seems to be useful since it has encouraged households to maximal economising to ensure the money for retirement, and also more expensive housing and education.

Keywords:Japan, corporation, enterprise, entrepreneurship, economy, trade union, industrial relations

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