Smotrnost uvedbe davka na planski dobiček na primeru Mestne občine Ljubljana : diplomska naloga

Pavič, Nina (author), Šubic Kovač, Maruška (mentor)

Za uresničevanje sprejetega prostorskega plana lokalne skupnosti so potrebni pravi zemljiški instrumenti in aktivna zemljiška politika s strani lokalne skupnosti in države. Lokalna skupnost je tista, ki regulira in skrbi za smotrni razvoj prostora in za višjo kakovost življenja na tem območju. Žal pa v Sloveniji trpimo pomanjkanje zemljiških instrumentov, ki bi skrbeli za usmerjen razvoj naselij in mest. Prav tako je zemljiška politika lokalnih skupnosti in države vse prej kot aktivna. Namen diplomske naloge je ugotoviti smotrnost uvedbe davka na planski dobiček, s katerim bi se zajemal del prirastka na vrednosti nepremičnin, ki nastane pri spremembi namembnosti zemljišča iz kmetijskega v stavbno zemljišče. S pomočjo dobrih praks iz tujine sem poskušala poiskati sistem, ki bi deloval pri nas in s pomočjo katerega bi se zmanjšale špekulacije z zemljišči ter dosledneje upošteval sprejeti prostorski plan lokalnih skupnosti. Analizirala sem transakcije kmetijskih in stavbnih zemljišč v letu 2011 v Mestni občini Ljubljana. Pri tem sem upoštevala samo transakcije na prostem trgu. Transakcije sem razdelila po posameznih katastrskih občinah in pri analizi upoštevala 5 katastrskih občin z največjim številom transakcij v letu 2011. Za vsako posamezno katastrsko občino sem izračunala povprečni prirastek na vrednosti nepremičnine, ko se zemljišču spremeni namembnost iz kmetijskega zemljišča v stavbno zemljišče. Spomočjo davčne stopnje, ki je predpisana v Zakonu o uravnoteženju javnih financ ter s pomočjo podatka o spremembi namembnosti kmetijskih zemljišč v stavbna zemljišča v letu 2011, sem ocenila letni prihodek davka na planski dobiček v občinsko proračunsko blagajno. Ugotovila sem, da uvedba davka na planski dobiček ne bi bistveno prispevala v proračunsko blagajno v primerjavi z drugimi dajatvami.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: gradbeništvo, UNI, diplomska dela, planski dobiček, prirastek vrednosti, špekulacije, zazidljiva zemljišča
• Work type: Undergraduate thesis
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Pavič]
• Year: 2012
• Number of pages: XIV, 49 str., [6] f. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-32588
• UDC: 338.515:332.6(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 6012513
• Publication date in RUL: 10.07.2015

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Expediency of levying the planning - gain, illustrated by way of example of the Ljubljana municipality

Abstract

In order to actualise the spatial plan passed by the local community, proper land instruments and active land politics are required by the municipality as well as the country. The local community regulates and provides expedient spatial development and a better quality of life in this area. Unfortunately, there is a lack of land instruments in Slovenia which would provide directed development of settlements and towns. What is more, land politics of local communities and the country is inactive. The objective of the thesis is to examine the expediency of taxing the planned profit which would collect part of growth of real estate value, which occurs when there is a change of use from agricultural land to residential use. With the help of good practices from abroad, I attempted to find a system which would work in my country, reduce property speculation and consistently follow the plan passed by local communities. I analysed transactions of agricultural and residential properties in 2011 in the Municipality of Ljubljana. I only took into account open market transactions. I classified these transactions into separate cadastral municipalities and took into consideration 5 cadastral municipalities with thehighest number of transactions in 2011. For each cadastral municipality, I calculated growth of real estate value when there is a change of use from agricultural land to residential use. Then I calculated the average growth of real estate value. With the help of tax level which is stipulated in the Act on Balancing Public Finances and data about the change of use of agricultural land to residential use in 2011, I calculated annual income tax revenue of the planned profit flowing into the municipal budget fund. I found out that taxing the planned profit would not fundamentally contribute to the budget fund compared to other taxes. Moreover, it is somewhat too late to tax the planned profit due to sufficient numbers of residential properties.

• Keywords: graduation thesis, civil engineering, betterment levy, increment value, speculation, building land