Vezava herbicida 2,4-diklorofenoksiocetne kisline na ligninske nanodelce

Guzelj, Nika (author), Iskra, Jernej (mentor)

V okviru diplomske naloge sem pripravila ligninske nanodelce (LNP) iz dveh vrst lignina – organosolv in kraft lignin. Ligninske nanodelce, pripravljene iz organosolv lignina sem med seboj primerjala glede na razliko v njihovi pripravi. Analiza IR spektrov je pokazala, da se struktura nanodelcev ne spremeni glede na izhodni vzorec lignina, pride zgolj do zmanjšanja intenzitete vrhov v spektru. Spektri LNP, pripravljeni z acetonom (LNP-A) in spektri LNP, pripravljeni z etanolom (LNP-E) se ne razlikujejo signifikantno. Analiza hidrodinamičnega premera je pokazala, da se velikosti delcev gibljejo od nekaj 100 do nekaj 1000 nm in so nepravilnih oblik. Premeri LNP-E so veliko večji od LNP-A in po analizi SEM slik je razvidno, da ti tvorijo tudi večje aglomerate. Na tvorbo aglomeratov nakazuje tudi meritev ζ-potenciala, saj je ta pri LNP-E manj negativen kot pri LNP-A. Za nadaljnjo analizo sem uporabila zgolj LNP pripravljene z acetonom, saj so bili te pripravljeni po originalnem postopku. V drugem delu diplomskega dela sem analizirala vezavo ligninskih nanodelcev in herbicida 2,4-D. Za primerjavo LNP pripravljenih z metodo obarjanja s proti-topilom (LNP-A) sem uporabila LNP pripravljene z metodo obarjanja z natrijevim p-toulensulfonatom (LNP-K). Vezava nanodelcev in herbicida je bila pri obeh vzorcih LNP uspešna. Masa vezanega herbicida je bila pri obeh vzorcih LNP zelo podobna, vendar vseeno malo višja pri vzorcu LNP-A. Rezultati so pokazali, da ni signifikantne razlike v masi vezanega 2,4-D glede na metodo ekstrakcije tega iz mešanice.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: lignin, nanodelci, herbicid, vezava
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
• Year: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-188948
• Publication date in RUL: 30.09.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Binding of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to lignin nanoparticles

Abstract

As part of my thesis, I prepared lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) from two types of lignin: organosolv and kraft lignin. I compared the LNPs prepared from organosolv lignin based on differences in their preparation methods. IR spectral analysis revealed that the nanoparticle structure remains unchanged regardless of the starting lignin sample; only a reduction in peak intensity was observed. There were no significant differences between the spectra of LNPs prepared with acetone (LNP-A) and those prepared with ethanol (LNP-E). Hydrodynamic diameter analysis showed particle sizes ranging from several hundred to several thousand nanometers, with irregular shapes. The diameters of LNP-E particles were significantly larger than those of LNP-A, and SEM image analysis indicated that they formed larger agglomerates. Zeta-potential measurements also suggested agglomerate formation, as the value was less negative for LNP-E than for LNP-A. For further analysis, I used only the LNPs prepared with acetone, as they were produced using the original procedure. In the second part of the thesis, I analyzed the binding of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) and the herbicide 2,4-D. To compare the LNPs prepared via the anti-solvent precipitation method (LNP-A), I used LNPs prepared via the sodium p-toluenesulfonate precipitation method (LNP-K). Binding between the nanoparticles and the herbicide was successful for both LNP samples. The mass of bound herbicide was very similar for both samples, though slightly higher for the LNP-A sample. The results showed no significant difference in the mass of bound 2,4-D based on the extraction method used to recover it from the mixture.

• Keywords: lignin, nanoparticles, herbicide, binding