This study investigates anatomical changes in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) wood
associated with the presence of fungi, focusing on a comparative analysis between
affected and control samples. The objective was to identify anatomical changes
associated with fungal presence and to assess how these are reflected in the structure
of woody tissues. To achieve this, microscopic sections of grapevine samples were
prepared, stained with Astra Blue and Safranin, and analyzed using light microscopy.
In affected samples, we observed thinning and degradation of cell walls, an increased
presence of tyloses, and anatomical changes associated with compartmentalization
and reaction zone formation. In the most severely affected samples, advanced
degradation of wood fibers and pronounced deformation of xylem structure were
observed. In contrast, control samples retained a more homogeneous and less altered
anatomical structure. The findings indicate that the presence of fungi is associated
with pronounced secondary anatomical changes in grapevine xylem, which may
affect its functionality. This research provides insights into anatomical changes and
degradation processes in grapevine wood and contributes to a better understanding
of wood responses to the presence of fungi.
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