The following thesis aims to present primarily how poetry can transcend language. The need for this arises only after the polemic with language initiated by analytical philosophy in the first half of the 20th century. This questions the previously established beliefs about language, which begin with Plato and are then present in the entire canon of Western philosophy. In the late years of his career, Martin Heidegger also begins to discuss language, but he discovers the problem on a completely different level. By the beginning of the 21st century, the problem of language is a topic that is being addressed by an increasing number of philosophers, some even understanding it as the most important discovery in philosophy. The analytical philosopher Richard Rorty is primarily responsible for the wide popularization of the aforementioned problem, who with his "linguistic turn" ensures a wide treatment of the topic on both the analytical and continental sides. For him, philosophy has reached the absolute limit of its capabilities, so it must transform itself as a whole in order to justify its existence, and one of the possibilities that allows it to do so is poetry. Heidegger takes an even more radical approach, in his latter years he begins to write poetry, which, as will be shown, is a consequence of his thoughts on language. Since both philosophers come to the same or very similar conclusion, it is justified to conclude that language works differently in poetry than anywhere else, so poetry is worth considering as a serious possibility that solves the aforementioned problem. In addition to the epistemological field, this thesis also draws attention to the everyday usage of language, because the problem itself, especially from Heidegger's perspective, is something that does not concern just the academic sphere. When analyzing poetry as a possible solution, we must leave philosophy and turn to comparativism, because it, as the leading science of literature, can offer us the desired insights. We can further focus on the poets themselves, especially those who, in addition to poetry, also offered theoretical frameworks, as Octavio Paz offers us. If we want to conduct a precise analysis of poetry, we must focus on different authors and on several different poetic forms, for only in this case are we able to confirm the thesis that within poetry language can actually be transcended.
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