Introduction: Education in emergency medical services requires rapid clinical decision-making, effective intervention, and appropriate professional competence. Due to the rarity of certain emergency situations and limited opportunities for gaining practical experience, extended reality technology is increasingly being incorporated into education, enabling safe and repeatable simulation of clinical scenarios. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma thesis was to review and analyse the literature on the use of extended reality technology in emergency medical services education and training and to identify its areas of application, effects, advantages, and limitations. Methods: A descriptive research method based on a systematic literature review was used. The literature search was conducted in the Academic Search Complete, ERIC, MEDLINE, and CINAHL Ultimate databases, and studies were selected in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Extended reality technology is used in training for resuscitation, invasive emergency procedures, mass casualty incidents, paediatric emergencies, and the development and assessment of clinical competencies. The analysed studies indicate positive effects, particularly on the acquisition of knowledge and skills, clinical decision-making, motivation, and self-confidence. The main limitations include the lack of haptic feedback, cybersickness, and limited evidence regarding the long-term transfer of acquired competencies into clinical practice. Discussion and conclusion: Extended reality technology represents a useful complement to traditional forms of emergency medical services education, particularly by enabling safe, standardised, and repeatable training. Appropriate pedagogical design and integration into the existing educational process are important for its effective use.
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