Development and validation of a next-generation mechanistic model of the electric arc furnace

Logar, Vito (author), Škrjanc, Igor (author)

The paper presents a mechanistic model of an electric arc furnace (EAF), covering thermal, mass-transfer, and chemical processes. It represents a next step in the field of EAF modeling, building on the basis of our previous work; however, it incorporates substantial enhancements, including newly developed modules for heat and mass transfer, melting geometry, radiation, slag behavior, chemical reactions, off-gas dynamics, and arc–slag interactions. These improvements lead to inclusion of more EAF processes, their accurate representation, and higher calculation accuracy, thus resolving several limitations of the previous model. Furthermore, parameterization and validation of the model using EAF measurements have shown that the model prediction errors for bath temperatures are between 10°C and 20°C, the errors for bath and slag chemistry around 20%, while the off-gas composition and temperature errors are below 20%. These measures show that the model describes all crucial mechanisms of the EAF with sufficient detail, and can thus provide a useful tool for either process simulation, monitoring, or optimization.

• Language: English
• Keywords: EAF, electric arc furnace, heat and mass transfer, mechanistic modeling, slag behavior, steelmaking, thermochemical reactions
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: Str. 4779-4804
• Numbering: Vol. 97, issue 9
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-187853
• UDC: 621.365.2
• ISSN on article: 1611-3683
• DOI: 10.1002/srin.202501071
• COBISS.SI-ID: 274111491
• Publication date in RUL: 15.09.2026

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Steel research international
• Publisher: Verlag Stahleisen
• ISSN: 1611-3683
• COBISS.SI-ID: 25034757

Licences

• License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Description: The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: EOP, elektroobločna peč, prenos mase in energije, teoretično modeliranje, obnašanje žlindre, jeklarstvo, termokemija

Projects

• Funder: ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
• Project number: P2-0219
• Name: Modeliranje, simulacija in vodenje procesov