The AlSi7Mg alloy belongs to the group of casting alloys and is one of the most widely used alloys in the automotive industry. To reduce production costs, casting alloys are recycled within foundries in the form of foundry scrap. This master’s thesis investigated the influence of foundry scrap content on the grain refinement and modification efficiency of AlSi7Mg.
Seven batches with different proportions of foundry scrap, ranging from 0 to 100 wt.%, were prepared. During casting, simple thermal analysis (STA) was performed to determine the characteristic solidification temperatures. Chemical analysis using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) showed that increasing the proportion of foundry scrap increased the contents of strontium, titanium, boron, and iron. Based on the chemical composition, thermodynamic calculations of the equilibrium phase diagram and non-equilibrium solidification were performed using Thermo-Calc. A portion of the samples was heat treated, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed on all samples.
Microstructural analysis using optical microscopy showed that the samples containing 75 and 100 wt.% recycled alloy did not exhibit the characteristic rounded morphology of eutectic β-Si after heat treatment, indicating reduced modification efficiency of strontium. The amount of harmful iron intermetallic phases, particularly Al9Fe2Si2, also increased with increasing recycled alloy content. SEM and EDS analyses revealed local areas rich in strontium-, titanium-, and boron-based phases, together with increased concentrations of antimony, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, aluminium, and silicon. Mechanical properties decreased with increasing recycled alloy content. The highest tensile strength, 308 MPa, was achieved by the heat-treated sample containing 100 wt.% primary alloy, while samples containing 75 and 100 wt.% recycled alloy achieved 251 and 241 MPa, respectively. The results indicate that trace elements introduced through foundry scrap may poison the melt and reduce modification efficiency.
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