The article analyzes the broader geopolitical dynamics of Eastern Europe and the changes during the transition period up to the present, providing a basis for understanding the Russian-Ukrainian war. The analysis highlights the key factors that contributed in various ways to the development of the conflict: a weak Europe and the European Union, a politically divided Ukraine and a weakened Russia. The most important role among them was played by the domestic political situation in Russia. This was the direct trigger for the conflicts in 2014 and, in February 2022, the large-scale war of conquest. The article further examines the development of the conflict in Ukraine, tracing its evolution from primarily ethnically and ideologically motivated dispute to clearly territorial and geopolitical confrontation.
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