Introduction: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and represents a healthcare challenge. It is characterized by the accumulation of β-amyloid and tau proteins, leading to neuronal loss and atrophy of the medial temporal lobe. Magnetic resonance imaging is a method for visualizing these changes. Purpose: The aim of this diploma work was to compare the brain magnetic resonance imaging protocol used for patients with Alzheimer's disease at the Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Institute of Radiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, with protocols described in the literature, and to analyze differences in the sequences used and their parameters. Methods: A descriptive method and a systematic literature review were conducted using national and international databases. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 relevant articles with defined protocols were selected. Results: We presented differences between protocols in the literature and the protocol used at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana in two tables. The first contains information about the author and year of publication, study purpose, number of participants, manufacturer and field strength of the magnetic resonance scanner, protocol, and findings. The second table shows parameters used for all protocols. Discussion and conclusion: The results show a trend towards standardizing and further developing magnetic resonance imaging protocols for brain imaging in Alzheimer's disease. Most analyzed studies used 3 T scanners, which offer better spatial resolution and visualization of anatomical structures due to a higher signal-to-noise ratio. The core of these protocols consists of structural sequences, primarily 3D T1, T2 and FLAIR, which allow assessment of brain atrophy and white matter changes. Diffusion-weighted imaging is frequently included, while advanced techniques are mainly used in research protocols. Comparison with the protocol used at the Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Institute of Radiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana showed that the clinical protocol contains key sequences for dementia diagnostics, although some advanced research methods are not included. Imaging parameters varied across studies, but many used isotropic resolution of 1 mm³ for the 3D T1 sequence. Parameters such as matrix size, field of view, and slice thickness affect spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and examination time.
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