Introduction: Infertility represents an important health and social issue affecting a significant proportion of couples of reproductive ages. Assisted reproductive technology procedures, with in vitro fertilization being the primary method, involve complex hormonal therapy that patients often administer themselves at home. Self-administration of medication presents a significant challenge for patients; therefore, the educational role of the nurse is crucial in ensuring the safe and effective administration of the therapy. Aim: The aim of this bachelor’s thesis was to examine, through a literature review, the educational role of the nurse in preparing patients for self-administration of medication during the in vitro fertilization process, as well as to identify patient challenges and factors influencing the effectiveness of patient education. Methods: A descriptive research method with a review of scientific and professional literature was used. Literature searches were conducted in the CINAHL, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and COBIB.si databases. A detailed review included 19 scientific articles published between 2016 and 2026. Results: Nurses play a key role in patient education by providing education, practical training, and psychological support. Patients most commonly face fear of injections, uncertainty regarding the correct execution of the procedure, and the complexity of the therapy during self-administration of medication. It was found that the most effective educational methods include a combination of verbal explanation, demonstration, hands-on training, practical learning, and written and digital materials. Important factors influencing the success of patient education also include quality communication, an individualized approach, the use of modern devices, and psychological support for patients. Discussion and conclusion: The success of self-administration of medication in IVF procedures depends on a comprehensive approach that includes professional patient education, psychological support, and adaptation to patients’ needs. Nurses play a central role in this process, as their work significantly contributes to patient safety, confidence, and treatment success. The findings highlight the need to develop structured and individualized educational programs and to integrate modern digital tools more effectively into clinical practice.
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