Association between periodontal health status and pregnancy and delivery complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus pregnant women : a case-control study

Janc, Matevž (author), Tomažič, Marjeta (author), Kanduti, Domen (author), Skalerič, Uroš (author), Schara, Rok (author)

Purpose: To assess the association between periodontal health and pregnancy or delivery complications in type 1 diabetic (TIDM) and non-diabetic pregnant women. Materials and methods: 15 TIDM and 15 non-diabetic primiparous women were enrolled in the prospective case-control study. We compared periodontal status, levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), gestational week of birth, birth weight of a newborn and pregnancy or delivery complications between the groups. Results: TIDM pregnant women gave birth statistically significantly earlier (2 weeks) (p = 0.034), but not before the 37th week of gestation. The odds ratio (OR) for pregnancy or delivery complications was ~ 5 times greater (95% CI: 1.1-26.4; p = 0.033) and for Caesarean section (C-section) ~ 6 times greater (95%CI: 1.2-30.7; p = 0.032) in TIDM group. The association between periodontal disease (PD) and pregnancy or delivery complications was not statistically significant in either group. The presence of TIDM (p = 0.002; R2 = 0.28), a higher bleeding-on-probing/full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS) (p = 0.043; R2 = 0.14), and a higher level of HbA1c (p = 0.026; R2 = 0.16) were statistically significantly more often associated with an earlier gestational week of birth. Higher levels of HbA1c were statistically significantly positively associated with a higher frequency of pregnancy or delivery complications (p = 0.024) and a higher frequency of C-section (p = 0.051). Conclusion: There are strong indications that both endocrinological and periodontal therapy should form a part of preventive prenatal care.

• Language: English
• Keywords: C-section, gestational week of birth, periodontal disease, diabetes mellitus, type 1
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: MF - Faculty of Medicine
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: Str. 93-99
• Numbering: Vol. 23, no. 1
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-187218
• UDC: 616.31
• ISSN on article: 1602-1622
• DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.c_1789
• COBISS.SI-ID: 229855491
• Publication date in RUL: 09.09.2026

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Oral health & preventive dentistry
• Shortened title: Oral health prev. dent.
• Publisher: Quintessence Publishing
• ISSN: 1602-1622
• COBISS.SI-ID: 2736148

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: carski rez, gestacijski teden rojstva, parodontalna bolezen, sladkorna bolezen tipa 1