The research data were collected and generated as part of the research carried out under the project ‘Climate Projections of Agroclimatic Indicators’. Based on meteorological data for the period 1981–2010 and climate projections for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, agroclimatic indicators were calculated for maize and winter wheat, describing temperature conditions, heat stress, precipitation and drought conditions, frost damage and overwintering conditions (WP1 and WP2). Data on yields, soil properties and plant phenological development were used to calibrate the AquaCrop yield model for Slovenian conditions (WP3). To calibrate the model accurately, the water-retention properties of the soil were also measured at both sites under consideration. The calibrated model enables the simulation of crop responses to various climate scenarios and the assessment of the impacts of climate change on agricultural production. The research results confirm that climate change will significantly affect growing conditions for maize and wheat production in Slovenia. Projections indicate a lengthening of the growing season, an increase in temperature sums and a marked increase in the frequency of heat stress on plants. The greatest changes are predicted in south-western, central and eastern Slovenia, particularly under the RCP8.5 scenario of more intense warming. For precipitation indicators, the changes are less clear-cut, but the results suggest an increase in the intensity of heavy rainfall events. Indicators of frost and overwintering show a general reduction in cold conditions; however, the results warn that, due to earlier phenological development of plants, the risk of frost damage may be maintained or even increased in some areas. The dataset represents a significant scientific and technical outcome of the project and enables further research into the impacts of climate change on agriculture, the preparation of climate vulnerability and risk assessments, and decision-making support in the fields of agricultural policy and food security. The methodology and datasets developed are also useful for research into other crops and related fields, such as fruit growing, viticulture, forestry and landscape management.
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