The following thesis examines foreign and domestic literature on the cultivation of Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). Hemp has regained considerable economic and environmental importance in Europe in recent years. Due to its favorable agronomic characteristics, rapid growth, and wide range of applications, it represents an important raw material for the textile, paper, construction, food, and bioenergy industries. Furthermore, hemp cultivation contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving soil quality, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. The aim of this seminar paper is to present the current state of industrial hemp production in Europe and to analyze the findings of three recent scientific studies. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of European legislation, cultivation technologies, the physical and chemical properties of hemp, and its potential applications in various industrial sectors. Based on the reviewed literature, it can be concluded that industrial hemp is one of the most promising renewable raw materials of the future. Owing to its low demand for plant protection products, positive environmental impact, and broad range of applications, industrial hemp can make a significant contribution to achieving the objectives of the European Green Deal and supporting the development of a circular bioeconomy.
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