In this thesis, the influence of technological parameters and CNC machine
construction on the machining process was studied. First, 3-axis and 5-axis
machining of 3D mould models were compared using SolidCAM software, while
theoretical surface quality, machining time, and tool path length were monitored.
Based on the results, the most suitable machining method for each model was then
determined. Next, 3D models of cantilever and gantry CNC machine construction
were created, and static, modal, and harmonic analyses were performed using the
finite element method in Ansys software. Structural deformations under various loads
were compared in static analysis, the natural frequencies were determined by modal
analysis and the structural response to different excitation frequencies was examined
through harmonic analysis. From the results of the machining comparison, it was
established that 5-axis machining was more suitable for all models, as shorter
machining times, shorter tool paths, and higher surface quality and smoothness were
achieved. Smaller deformations were shown in the gantry structure compared to the
cantilever structure in the static analysis. Resonance occurred at low frequencies
during harmonic analysis, whereas oscillation amplitudes at operating speeds were
small and did not significantly affect the quality of the final surface finish.
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