The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to present the structure, mechanisms of action,
molecular constructs, target molecules, and clinical applications of bispecific antibodies
(BsAbs) in cancer treatment. The thesis is based on a review of current scientific
literature in the field of cancer immunotherapy, focusing on the mechanisms of action
of BsAbs, their therapeutic targets, approved drugs, clinical efficacy, combination
strategies with other treatment modalities, and the limitations of their clinical use. The
literature review demonstrated that BsAbs effectively redirect T cells and other effector
immune cells toward tumor cells, making them one of the most promising approaches
in modern cancer immunotherapy. The greatest clinical success has been achieved in
the treatment of hematological malignancies, whereas their application in solid tumors
remains limited due to tumor heterogeneity, the immunosuppressive tumor
microenvironment, and the development of treatment resistance. Important advantages
of BsAbs include their modular design, the possibility of combining them with other
therapeutic approaches, and their immediate availability compared with certain cell
based therapies. Future development will focus on optimizing antibody design,
identifying predictive biomarkers, and developing multispecific antibodies to enable
more effective, safer, and personalized cancer treatment.
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