Introduction: Laser hair removal using a medical diode laser is an increasingly widespread aesthetic and medical procedure. Due to its action on pigmented skin structures, concerns have been raised regarding its safety in relation to the development of melanoma. Methods: A descriptive research method based on a review of scientific and professional literature was used. The review followed predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 10 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025 were included in the final analysis. The selected studies addressed the effects of medical diode lasers on pigmented lesions, complications of laser hair removal, and the overall safety of the procedure. Results: The literature review did not identify any confirmed cases of malignant transformation following laser treatment. However, changes in the appearance of pigmented lesions were reported, while complications were generally mild and transient in nature. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the reviewed literature, no direct association between the use of a medical diode laser and the development of melanoma was demonstrated in the selected studies. An important finding of the review is that changes in the appearance of pigmented lesions may significantly affect subsequent clinical assessment and the timely recognition of suspicious lesions. From a nursing perspective, systematic initial skin assessment and appropriate patient counseling are essential; however, the role of nurses in the performance of laser hair removal procedures remains insufficiently researched.
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