Ultrasound elastography is a method increasingly used in kinesiology and physiotherapy to assess tissue elasticity. This review article explores the potential application of elastography through the example of the iliotibial band (ITB) and the tensor fasciae latae (TFL) muscle, structures essential for lower limb biomechanics and frequently associated with injuries. At the same time, we want to use this example to highlight some important methodological factors in the use of this method. We conducted a systematic search of articles in the PubMed and PEDro databases, and based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included 10 studies in the final analysis. Studies indicate that shear wave elastography is a potentially useful method for measuring the stiffness of these tissues, with factors such as transducer orientation and pressure, tissue depth, and patient positioning significantly affecting the results. As part of our literature review, one of the analyzed studies focused on iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS). It suggested that elastography could be a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring ITBS rehabilitation, as it allows for the assessment of tissue mechanical properties and more precise tracking of changes during treatment. Stretching and foam rolling are commonly used interventions, but their effect on ITB stiffness remains unclear. Elastography provides a quantitative assessment of the mechanical properties of soft tissues, offering opportunities for improved diagnostics and rehabilitation monitoring.
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