Optimizacija sinteze FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O

Sedeljšak, Matija (author), Kitanovski, Nives (mentor)

V diplomskem delu je obravnavana optimizacija sinteze železovega(II) sulfata heptahidrata (FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O) iz elementarnega železa in žveplove(VI) kisline. Namen dela je določiti sintezne pogoje, ki omogočajo učinkovito raztapljanje železa in nastanek produkta v omejenem času laboratorijskih vaj ter zadovoljiv izkoristek. V ta namen se primerjajo različni vzorci železa ter več sinteznih metod, pri katerih se spreminjajo koncentracija kisline, dodatek koncentrirane H$_2$SO$_4$ in čas segrevanja. Uspešnost sinteze se vrednoti na podlagi poteka raztapljanja železa, kristalizacije produkta, izkoristka in uporabnosti posameznega vzorca železa za izvedbo laboratorijske vaje. Izbrani produkti so dodatno karakterizirani z infrardečo (IR) in ultravijolično-vidno (UV-VIS) spektroskopijo, določanjem magnetnih lastnosti z Evansovo tehtnico in rentgensko praškovno difrakcijo (PXRD). Na podlagi rezultatov in cene izhodnega železa se določi najprimernejši vzorec oziroma postopek za nadaljnjo uporabo pri laboratorijski sintezi FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O, optimizacija sinteze, železov prah, izkoristek
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
• Year: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-184593
• COBISS.SI-ID: 289085699
• Publication date in RUL: 10.07.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Optimization of the Synthesis of FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O

Abstract

The diploma thesis deals with the optimization of the synthesis of iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O) from elemental iron and sulfuric acid. The aim of the work is to determine synthesis conditions that enable efficient dissolution of iron, formation of the product within the limited time of laboratory practice, and a satisfactory yield. For this purpose, different iron samples and several synthesis procedures are compared, in which the acid concentration, addition of concentrated H2SO4, and heating time are varied. The efficiency of the synthesis is evaluated based on the course of iron dissolution, product crystallization, yield, and the suitability of each sample for use in the laboratory experiment. Selected products are further characterized by infrared (IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, determination of magnetic properties using an Evans balance and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Based on the results and the cost of the starting iron, the most suitable sample and procedure for further use in the laboratory synthesis of FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O are determined.

• Keywords: FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O, synthesis optimization, iron powder, yield