Odnos med dinamiko pozitivnega in negativnega afekta ter poročanjem o somatskih simptomih

Šajt Duh, Nina (author), Masten, Robert (mentor), Gosar, David (comentor)

Doživljanje somatskih simptomov je med mladostniki in mladimi odraslimi pogosto ter lahko pomembno obremenjuje posameznikovo vsakodnevno delovanje. Zato je pomembno preučevati, kako se njihovo doživljanje povezuje z različnimi procesi na duševni ravni. V pričujoči raziskavi smo preučili odnos med dinamiko pozitivnega in negativnega afekta ter poročanjem o somatskih simptomih. V raziskavo smo vključili 132 oseb, starih med 15 in 30 let, ki so najprej izpolnile vprašalnik PAI oziroma PAI-A, nato pa 20 zaporednih dni dvakrat dnevno poročale o doživljanju pozitivnega in negativnega afekta ter somatskih simptomov. Dinamične procese med konstrukti smo preučili z uporabo strukturnega modeliranja v zveznem času (angl. Continuous Time Structural Equation Modelling, CTSEM). Rezultati so pokazali, da doživljanju več pozitivnega afekta sledi poročanje o manj somatskih simptomih v naslednjih urah, medtem ko doživljanju več negativnega afekta sledi poročanje o več somatskih simptomih. Poročanje o več somatskih simptomih se je tudi konsistentno povezovalo z bolj variabilnim in nestabilnim afektom. Ker je med mladostniki in mladimi odraslimi pogosto tudi doživljanje simptomov depresije in anksioznosti, smo preverili kako se ob upoštevanju moderatorske vloge teh simptomov spreminjajo dinamični procesi med preučevanimi konstrukti. Rezultati so pokazali slabljenje zaščitne vloge pozitivnega afekta in okrepitev povratne zanke med negativnim afektom in somatskimi simptomi tako pri višje izraženi anksioznosti kot depresivnosti. Organizacija dinamičnih procesov pa se je glede na izraženo simptomatiko tudi razlikovala. Pri višje izraženi anksioznosti so bili učinki med procesi bolj razvejani, pri višje izraženi depresivnosti pa so bili izraziteje omejeni na povratno zanko med negativnim afektom in somatskimi simptomi. Ugotovitve v luči teorij napovednega kodiranja in aktivne inference opozarjajo na pomen dinamičnega razumevanja posameznikovega delovanja pri preučevanju odnosa med psihopatologijo in doživljanjem telesnih simptomov ter oblikovanju terapevtskih pristopov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: somatski simptomi, afekt, anksioznost, depresija, metoda vzorčenja izkušenj
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-184559
• Publication date in RUL: 10.07.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The Relationship Between Positive and Negative Affect Dynamics and Self-Reported Somatic Symptoms

Abstract

Somatic symptoms are common among adolescents and young adults and may substantially interfere with everyday functioning. It is therefore important to examine how their experience is related to different psychological processes. The present study examined the relationship between the dynamics of positive and negative affect and self-reported somatic symptoms. The sample included 132 individuals aged 15 to 30 years, who first completed the PAI or PAI-A and then reported their positive affect, negative affect, and somatic symptoms twice per day for 20 consecutive days. Dynamic associations between the studied processes were examined using continuous-time structural equation modelling (CTSEM). The results showed that higher positive affect to reporting of fewer somatic symptoms in the following hours, whereas higher negative affect led to more somatic symptoms. Higher somatic symptom reporting was also associated with more variable and unstable affect. Because symptoms of depression and anxiety are common during adolescence and young adulthood, we further examined how the dynamic associations between affect and somatic symptoms changed when depressive and anxiety symptoms were taken into account as moderators. The results indicated a weakening of the protective role of positive affect and a strengthening of the feedback loop between negative affect and somatic symptoms in the context of both higher anxiety and higher depressive symptoms. The organization of dynamic processes also differed depending on the type of symptomatology. In the context of higher anxiety symptoms, the effects between processes were more broadly interconnected, whereas in the context of higher depressive symptoms, they were more strongly limited to the feedback loop between negative affect and somatic symptoms. Interpreted through the framework of predictive coding and active inference, the findings highlight the importance of a dynamic understanding of individual functioning when examining the relationship between psychopathology and the experience of bodily symptoms, as well as when designing therapeutic approaches.

• Keywords: somatic symptoms, affect, anxiety, depression, ecological momentary assessment