Učinki pilates vadbe na urinsko inkontinenco pri ženskah – pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Senica, Ela (author), Palma, Polona (mentor), Weber, Daša (comentor), Vauhnik, Renata (reviewer)

Uvod: Urinska inkontinenca je pogosta zdravstvena težava pri ženskah, ki pomembno vpliva na kakovost življenja. Gre za stanje nehotenega uhajanja urina, ki je pogosto povezano z oslabljeno funkcijo mišic medeničnega dna. Kljub učinkovitosti vadbe mišic medeničnega dna se zaradi težav pri motivaciji in dolgotrajnem izvajanju vse pogosteje iščejo alternativni pristopi. Vadba pilates, ki vključuje aktivacijo globokih mišic trupa in mišic medeničnega dna, predstavlja potencialno učinkovito in varno metodo zdravljenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na osnovi pregleda znanstvene in strokovne literature ugotoviti učinke pilates vadbe na izboljšanje urinske inkontinence, funkcijo mišic medeničnega dna in kakovost življenja pri ženskah. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom literature. Iskanje je potekalo v podatkovnih zbirkah PubMed in PEDro z uporabo ključnih besed v angleškem jeziku: »pilates«, »urinary incontinence«, »women«. V analizo so bile vključene randomizirane nadzorovane raziskave, ki so ustrezale vnaprej določenim vključitvenim kriterijem. Rezultati: V analizo smo vključili šest randomiziranih nadzorovanih raziskav, objavljenih med letoma 2018 in 2024, v katerih je skupno sodelovalo 220 preiskovank z diagnozo urinske inkontinence. Vadbeni programi so trajali od šest do 12 tednov. Rezultati kažejo, da pilates vadba statistično značilno ublaži simptome urinske inkontinence ter izboljša funkcijo mišic medeničnega dna in kakovost življenja znotraj eksperimentalnih skupin. Razlike med skupinami, ki so primerjale pilates vadbo in krepitev mišic medeničnega dna, niso bile statistično značilne, kar pomeni, da je pilates po učinkovitosti primerljiv. Razprava in zaključek: Pregled literature kaže, da je pilates vadba učinkovita in varna metoda za zmanjšanje simptomov urinske inkontinence ter izboljšanje funkcije mišic medeničnega dna. Uporablja se lahko kot samostojna ali dopolnilna oblika fizioterapevtske obravnave. Kljub dokazanim pozitivnim učinkom so prisotne omejitve raziskav, kot so manjši vzorci, raznolikosti vadbenih programov, ugotavljanje dolgoročnih učinkov vadbe pilatesa in ustreznejše beleženje podatkov, zato so potrebne nadaljnje raziskave.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, pilates, urinska inkontinenca, mišice medeničnega dna, ženske
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [E. Senica]
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: VIII, 31 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-184512
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 284535043
• Publication date in RUL: 09.07.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of pilates exercise on urinary incontinence in women – a literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a common health problem in women that significantly affects quality of life. It is a condition of involuntary urine leakage, which is often associated with impaired function of the pelvic floor muscles. Despite the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training, alternative approaches are increasingly being sought due to issues with motivation and long-term adherence. Pilates exercise, which includes activation of the deep trunk muscles and pelvic floor muscles, represents a potentially effective and safe method of treatment. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma thesis was, based on a review of scientific and professional literature, to determine the effects of Pilates exercise on improving urinary incontinence, pelvic floor muscle function, and quality of life in women. Methods: A descriptive method with a literature review was used. The search was conducted in the PubMed and PEDro databases using the following English keywords: Pilates, urinary incontinence, women. Randomized controlled trials that met predefined inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. Results: Six randomized controlled trials published between 2018 and 2024 were included in the analysis, involving a total of 220 participants with a diagnosis of urinary incontinence. The exercise programs lasted from six to 12 weeks. The results show that Pilates exercise statistically significantly improves symptoms of urinary incontinence, improves pelvic floor muscle function, and enhances quality of life within experimental groups. No statistically significant differences were found between Pilates group and the pelvic floor muscle training group, indicating that Pilates exercise is comparable to other forms of exercise. Discussion and conclusion: The literature review shows that Pilates exercise is an effective and safe method for reducing symptoms of urinary incontinence and improving pelvic floor muscle function. It can be used as a standalone or complementary form of physiotherapy treatment. Despite the confirmed positive effects, several research limitations are present, including small sample sizes, variability in exercise programs, limited evidance on the long-term effects of Pilates exericse and insufficient data reporting, therefore further research is needed.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, pilates, urinary incontinence, pelvic floor muscles, women