Fiziološki odziv mladih odraslih s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1 na dolgotrajno aerobno vadbo : magistrsko delo

Vidic, Nataša (author), Potočnik, Nejka (mentor), Kacin, Alan (reviewer)

Uvod: Sladkorna bolezen tipa 1 je avtoimuna bolezen pri kateri imunski odziv uničuje beta celice trebušne slinavke, ki izločajo inzulin. Posledično so osebe odvisne od dodajanja eksogenega inzulina in tako podvržene velikim nihanjem v koncentraciji glukoze v krvi. Posamezniki s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1 imajo spremenjeno presnovo zlasti med telesno aktivnostjo in verjetno tudi spremembe v aktivnosti avtonomnega živčnega sistema, kar vpliva na fiziološki odziv na vadbo. Namen: Namen raziskave je ugotoviti, kakšna je prilagoditev srčnožilnega, dihalnega sistema in metabolizma na dolgotrajno aerobno vadbo pri posameznikih s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1 v primerjavi z zdravimi in kako poteka okrevanje po taki vadbi ob sočasnem kontinuiranem spremljanju podkožne koncentracije glukoze pri mladih preiskovancih. Metode dela: V raziskavi so sodelovali zdravi posamezniki in posamezniki s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1, stari med 18 in 25 let. Uporabljali smo standardne, neinvazivne metode za merjenje nekaterih lokalnih in sistemskih fizioloških dejavnikov: EKG, poraba kisika in izločanje ogljikovega dioksida preko nosno-ustne maske ter minimalno invazivno spremljanje ravni krvne glukoze z merjenjem koncentracije glukoze v podkožju. Preiskovanci so izvedli submaksimalno dolgotrajno obremenitev na sobnem kolesu pri 45 % V̇O₂maks . Za primerjavo antropometričnih značilnosti skupin, smo uporabili dvosmerni t-test za neodvisna vzorca. V primerih, kjer smo meritve izvedli v več časovnih točkah, pa smo uporabili test dvosmerne ANOVA za ponovljene meritve. Statistično značilna razlika je bila določena pri p < 0,05. Rezultati: Statistično značilen učinek skupine smo ugotovili pri parametru VE/ V̇O₂, ter SDNN, rMSSD, lnHF za aktivno okrevanje ter v 2. časovni točki pri RQ. Poleg tega so rezultati pokazali statistično značilen učinek interakcije med časom in skupino, in sicer za lnHF, SDNN, V̇CO₂ . Pri fSU smo v času vadbe ugotovili tudi statistično značilen učinek interakcije časa in skupine, pri koncentraciji glukoze pa statistično značilen učinek skupine. Razprava in zaključek: Z raziskavo smo potrdili, da se odziv na dolgotrajno aerobno vadbo v določenih segmentih razlikuje, še posebej pri odzivu srčno-žilnega sistema. V prihodnje bodo potrebne raziskave, ki bodo opravljene na večjem vzorcu, prav tako bi bilo smiselno raziskati, ali je drugačen tudi fiziološki odziv v vseh fazah okrevanja, vključujoč pasivno okrevanje po dolgotrajni aerobni vadbi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, fizioterapija, sladkorna bolezen tipa 1, fiziološki odziv, dolgotrajna aerobna vadba
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Vidic]
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: 59 str., [12] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-184282
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 283507203
• Publication date in RUL: 03.07.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The physiological response to prolonged aerobic exercise in young adults with type 1 diabetes : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune response destroys the insulin-secreting beta cells of the pancreas. As a result, people are dependent on exogenous insulin supplementation. Chronic hyperglycaemia causes changes in energy metabolism, skeletal muscle function and neuromuscular function that affect physiological responses to exercise. Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate how the cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic systems adapt to long-term aerobic exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes compared to healthy peers, and how recovery from such exercise is managed with continuous monitoring of subcutaneous glucose concentrations. Methods: Participants were healthy individuals and individuals with type 1 diabetes aged between 18 and 25 years. Standard, non-invasive methods were used to measure physiological factors: ECG, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide excretion via nasal mask, minimally invasive blood glucose monitoring by measuring subcutaneous glucose concentrations. Subjects performed submaximal prolonged exercise on cycle ergometer at 45% V̇O₂max. To compare anthropometric characteristics of the groups, we used two-tailed t-test for independent samples. In cases where measurements were taken at multiple time points, we used two-way ANOVA test for repeated measures. Statistically significant difference was determined at p < 0.05. Results: A statistically significant group effect was found for the parameters VE/V̇O₂, SDNN, rMSSD, and lnHF for active recovery and at the second time point for RQ. In addition, the results showed a statistically significant interaction effect between time and group for lnHF, SDNN, and V̇CO₂. We also found a statistically significant interaction effect between time and group for fSU during exercise. For glucose concentration, there was a statistically significant effect of group. Discussion and conclusion: Our study confirmed that the response to prolonged aerobic exercise differs in certain segments, especially in the response of the cardiovascular system. Future research on a larger sample size is needed, and it would also be useful to investigate whether the physiological response differs in all phases of recovery, including passive recovery after prolonged aerobic exercise.

• Keywords: master's theses, physiotherapy, type 1 diabetes melltius, physiological response, prolonged aerobic exercise