The diploma thesis examines the importance of redistributive public policies in reducing poverty in Canada, analysing their impact on the position of vulnerable population groups. The central research problem concerns whether the Canadian welfare state contributes to reducing poverty and social exclusion. The purpose of the research is to examine the effectiveness of redistributive policies, analyse the position of vulnerable groups and highlight the connection between long-term social distress and the occurrence of MAiD.
The research uses qualitative and quantitative methods, including a review of scientific and professional literature, an analysis of statistical data on poverty and the occurrence of MAiD, and a comparative analysis of the Canadian and Norwegian social protection systems. The data were obtained from professional studies, academic articles, Government of Canada reports and Statistics Canada data.
The results of the research show that redistributive public policies in Canada significantly alleviate poverty, but their effects are not equal for all population groups. During the pandemic, poverty temporarily decreased, but later returned close to its pre-pandemic level. Persons with disabilities, older people living alone, single parents and immigrants remain particularly vulnerable, while the comparison with Norway shows the importance of more stable and comprehensive social measures.
The findings of the thesis are important for public policy-makers and researchers, as they provide insight into the limitations of the Canadian redistribution system and highlight the need for more stable, targeted and comprehensive measures. The results are useful for the public sector and the wider social environment, as they emphasise the importance of social policies that provide the most vulnerable groups not only with survival, but also with the conditions for a dignified life.
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