Dejavniki tveganja za bolečino v medeničnem obroču v nosečnosti : diplomsko delo

Bajc, Veronika (author), Prelec, Anita (mentor), Šćepanović, Darija (reviewer)

Uvod: Med nosečnostjo se zaradi hormonskih sprememb, predvsem vpliva relaksina, simfiza in medenični sklepi razmaknejo ali razrahljajo. Bolečino, povezano z nosečnostjo, ki se pojavi v sakroiliakalni in lumbosakralni regiji, simfizi, ali v kombinaciji teh sklepov, imenujemo bolečina v medeničnem obroču. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati dejavnike tveganja, ki vplivajo na pojav bolečine v medeničnem obroču v nosečnosti ter vlogo babice pri obravnavi ženske z bolečino v medeničnem obroču. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s sistematičnim pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature, v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Iskalno strategijo smo prikazali s PRISMA diagramom. Določili smo izključitvene kriterije, na podlagi katerih smo izbrali vire za pregled literature. Rezultati: V pregled literature smo vključili 12 virov. Identificirali smo 14 kod in 3 kategorije: (1) Dejavniki tveganja za pojav PGP v nosečnosti, na katere lahko vplivamo pred nosečnostjo, (2) Dejavniki tveganja za pojav PGP v nosečnosti in (3) Vloga babice pri obravnavi ženske s PGP v nosečnosti. Bolečina v medeničnem obroču med nosečnostjo je posledica več dejavnikov, vključno s telesno težo, telesno dejavnostjo, hormonskimi spremembami in psihološkimi vidiki. Ključni dejavniki tveganja vključujejo prejšnje poškodbe medenice, predhodne bolečine, nižjo izobrazbo žensk in nezadovoljstvo pri delu. V nosečnosti je pomembna telesna dejavnost, vzdrževanje normalne telesne teže ter spodbujanje k zdravemu življenjskemu slogu. Glavna vloga babice pri obravnavi žensk je podpora in informiranje ter spodbujanje k vključevanju v vadbene programe za nosečnice. Razprava in zaključek: Najpogostejši dejavnik tveganja za pojav bolečine v medeničnem obroču v nosečnosti je predhodna bolečina v medeničnem obroču, pred in med nosečnostjo. Pomemben dejavnik tveganja sta še povišan indeks telesne mase ter telesna nedejavnost. Bolečino v medeničnem obroču v nosečnosti težko diagnosticiramo, med zdravstvenimi delavci je pogosto neprepoznana in spregledana. Potrebne so dodatne raziskave ter osveščanje žensk in zdravstvenih delavcev o simptomih in dejavnikih tveganja za nastanek bolečine v medeničnem obroču v nosečnosti, da bi to stanje lahko preprečili.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, babištvo, bolečina v medeničnem obroču, telesna dejavnost, nosečnost, edukacija, babice
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [V. Bajc]
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: VIII, 29 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-184017
• UDC: 618.2/.7
• COBISS.SI-ID: 282643971
• Publication date in RUL: 24.06.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Risk factors for pelvic gridle pain during pregnancy : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: During pregnancy, hormonal changes, primarily the effect of relaxin, cause the symphysis and pelvic joints to widen or loosen. Pregnancy-related pain that occurs in the sacroiliac and lumbosacral regions, the symphysis, or a combination of these joints is called pelvic gridle pain. Purpose: The purpeose of this thesis is to research the risk factors that influence the incidence of pelvic gridle pain during pregnancy and the role of the midwife in care of a women with pelvic gridle pain. Methods: In this thesis we used a descriptive method with a systematic review of professional and scientific literaure in both Slovenian and English language. We presented the search strategy usin a PRISMA diagram. We determined exclusion criteria based o which we selected sources for the literature review. Results: We included 12 sources in the literature review. We identified 14 codes and 3 categories: (1) Risk factors for the occurrence of PGP in pregnancy that can be influenced before pregnancy, (2) Risk factors for the occurrence of PGP in pregnancy, and (3) The role of the midwife in the management of a woman with PGP in pregnancy. Pain in the pelvis during pregnancy in caused by several factors, including body weight, pysical activity, hormonal changes and psychological aspects. Key risk factors include previous pain, pelvic injuries, low education level of women and job dissatisfaction. Physicall activities, maintain a normal body weight and promote a healthy lifestyle is crucial in pregnancy. The primary role of a midwife in caring for women is to provide support, information and encouragement to praticipate in exercise programs for pregnant women. Discussion and conclusion: The most common risk factor for pelvic gridle pain in pregnancy is prior pelvic gridle pain before and during pregnancy. Another importat risk factor is high body mass index and physical inactivity. Pelvic gridle pain is difficult to diagnose during pregnancy and it is often unrecogized and underestimated by healthcare professionals. Additional research and awareness of symptoms and risk factors among women and healthcare professionals are needed to prevent occurrence of problems.

• Keywords: diploma theses, midwifery, pelvic gridle pain, physical activity, pregnancy, education, midwifes