Pogodbeno zastopanje drugih oseb v športu : zastopniki, agenti, managerji, menedžerji?

Bon, Marta (author), Ivačič, Alen (author)

Cilj prispevka je prikazati razmere na področju zastopništva, tj. pogodbenega oziroma pravnega zastopanja posameznih deležnikov v športu. Pomemben del je terminološka osvetlitev področja, ker se v praksi za isto dejavnost uporabljajo različni izrazi – zastopniki v športu, agenti v športu, managerji, menedžerji. Na področju nogometa, kjer je dejavnost najbolj razširjena, Nogometna zveza Slovenije (NZS) uporablja izraz nogo-metni agent. Tudi na njeni spletni strani najdemo pravilnik o nogometnih agentih. V prispevku namesto tega predlagamo uporabo slovenskega izraza zastopnik. Zastopnik je torej oseba, ki zastopa igralce, trenerje in klube v medsebojnih pogodbenih razmerjih v športu. Nekatere med-narodne športne zveze (nogomet, atletika) imajo razmerja podrobneje opredeljena in uveden sistem licenciranja zastopnikov (npr. FIFA in FIBA), drugje gre za neformalne odnose, vsekakor pa bi bilo področje treba sistematično in formalno urediti na vseh ravneh športa. V uvodu članka predstavljamo potrebne kompetence zastopnikov, vrste zastopnikov in prav-ne okvire sodelovanja med deležniki. Navedeni so tudi predpisi in zakonodaja s področja zastopništva. V praksi je opaziti, da zastopniki posegajo v vse mlajše starostne kategorije oziroma vse bolj v šport otrok in mladine. Zdi se, da je tu ogromno pasti oziroma možnosti za zlorabe zaradi nepoznavanja materije med starši in po drugi strani zaradi morebitne nestrokovnosti ali etične oporečnosti posameznikov. To je tudi eden poglavitnih razlogov za poglobljeno, skrbno ureditev področja ter za potrebno opolnomočenje staršev, mladih športnikov in vseh drugih, vključenih v pogodbena razmerja zastopanja v športu.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: šport, zastopanje, zastopnik, agent, manager v športu
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.04 - Professional Article
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2025
• Number of pages: Str. 282-288
• Numbering: Letn. 73, št. 3/4
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-183988
• UDC: 796.01:33
• ISSN on article: 3024-0603
• DOI: 10.52165/sport.73.3-4.282-288
• COBISS.SI-ID: 265453827
• Publication date in RUL: 23.06.2026

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Šport
• Shortened title: Šport
• Publisher: Založba Univerze v Ljubljani
• ISSN: 3024-0603
• COBISS.SI-ID: 241824003

Licences

• License: CC BY-SA 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
• Description: This Creative Commons license is very similar to the regular Attribution license, but requires the release of all derivative works under this same license.

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Contractual representation in sport : representatives, agents, managers – what’s in a name?

Abstract

The primary objective of this paper is to present the current state of the profession »Agent in sport« with a particular focus on the contractual and legal aspects of representation among stakeholders. A key component of the analysis is the terminological clarification of the field in Slovene language, as various terms are used interchangeably in practice to describe the same activity—such as sports representatives, agents, managers, and sports managers. The Football Association of Slovenia (NZS), where this activity is most prevalent, uses the term football agent and has published a dedicated regulation on football agents on its official website. In this paper, we propose the adoption of a new Slovenian term – »zastopnik« (representative). An agent (zastopnik) is thus defined as a person who represents players, coaches, and clubs in their mutual relations within the sports context. Some international sports federations (e.g., football, athletics) have developed detailed regulatory frameworks and licensing systems for agents (e.g., FIFA, FIBA), while in other sports, representation is governed by informal arrangements. Nevertheless, the field clearly requires systematic and formal regulation across all levels of sport. The paper begins by outlining the necessary competencies of sports representatives, the different types of representatives, and the legal frameworks that govern cooperation between stakeholders. It also provides an overview of relevant regulations and legislation in the field of sports representation. In practice, it is increasingly evident that representatives are becoming involved with younger age categories, including children's and youth sports. This trend raises significant concerns, as it creates numerous risks and opportunities for abuse—stemming both from parents’ lack of familiarity with the subject matter and from potential unprofessionalism or ethical misconduct on the part of certain individuals. This is one of the key reasons why a thorough and carefully considered regulation of the field is essential. It is also crucial to empower parents, young athletes, and all parties involved in contractual representation relationships in sport.

• Keywords: sport, agent, official reprezentation, sport management, HRM