Higienske zahteve za nego krna in proteze : diplomsko delo

Bohl, Lara (author), Jereb, Gregor (mentor), Gošnak Dahmane, Raja (comentor), Lampe, Tomaž (reviewer)

Uvod: Amputacija okončine predstavlja velik poseg v telesno in psihosocialno ravnovesje posameznika ter zahteva celostno interdisciplinarno rehabilitacijo. Pomemben del te obravnave je ustrezna higiena krna in proteze, saj neposredno vpliva na zdravje kože, preprečevanje zapletov ter uspešno, varno in dolgotrajno uporabo proteze. Koža krna je zaradi mehanskih obremenitev, povečanega potenja in neposrednega stika z materiali protetičnih pripomočkov posebej dovzetna za poškodbe in okužbe. Kljub pomembnosti tega področja pa je higienska nega krna in proteze v slovenskem prostoru relativno slabo raziskana in strokovno obravnavana. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil opraviti sistematičen pregled domače in tuje strokovne ter znanstvene literature s področja higiene oseb z amputacijo, predstaviti najpogostejše zdravstvene težave, povezane z neustrezno higieno krna in proteze, opredeliti dejavnike tveganja za njihov nastanek ter oblikovati priporočila in praktične napotke za ustrezno in varno izvajanje higienske nege. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo temelji na metodi pregleda literature. Iskanje virov je potekalo v podatkovnih bazah Google Učenjak, MEDLINE in ScienceDirect ter na spletnih straneh strokovnih organizacij in podjetij s področja protetike. V pregled so bili vključeni strokovni in znanstveni viri, objavljeni med letoma 2004 in 2024, napisani v slovenskem ali angleškem jeziku. Pri obravnavi tematike je bilo uporabljeno tudi lastno strokovno znanje, pridobljeno med praktičnim usposabljanjem v času študija. Rezultati: pregled literature je pokazal, da so kožne težave pri osebah z amputacijo zelo pogoste in vključujejo razjede, draženje, okužbe, prekomerno potenje in bolečine. Med najpomembnejše dejavnike tveganja sodijo neustrezna higiena krna in/ali proteze, neustrezno prileganje proteze, nihanja volumna krna ter lastnosti uporabljenih materialov. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da pravilna in redna higienska nega pomembno zmanjšuje pojavnost zapletov ter prispeva k boljši funkcionalnosti in kakovosti življenja oseb z amputacijo. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati potrjujejo, da je higiena krna in proteze ključni element uspešne rehabilitacije oseb z amputacijo. V slovenskem prostoru obstaja pomanjkanje dostopnih strokovnih virov in praktičnih smernic, zato diplomsko delo prispeva k večji ozaveščenosti ter ponuja uporaben vir informacij za amputirance in strokovno javnost.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, ortotika in protetika, amputacija, krn, proteza, higienska nega, kožne spremembe
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Bohl]
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: 34 str., [2] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-183886
• UDC: 617.3
• COBISS.SI-ID: 282360323
• Publication date in RUL: 20.06.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Hygiene of the stump and prosthesis : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Limb amputation is a major intervention affecting both the physical and psychosocial state of an individual and requires comprehensive rehabilitation. Proper hygiene of the stump and prosthesis is a crucial part of this treatment, as it directly influences skin health, the prevention of complications, and the successful long-term use of the prosthesis. The skin of the stump is particularly vulnerable to injuries and infections due to mechanical stress, increased sweating, and contact with prosthetic device materials. However, the field of hygienic care for the stump and prosthesis in Slovenia remains relatively under-researched and insufficiently discussed professionally. Purpose: The aim of this diploma work was to review domestic and international professional and scientific literature on the hygiene of people with amputations, to present the most common health problems resulting from inadequate hygiene of the stump and prosthesis, to identify the causes of these issues, and to provide recommendations and practical instructions for proper hygienic care. Methods: This diploma work is based on a literature review. Sources were searched in the Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect databases, as well as on the websites of professional organisations and companies in the field of prosthetics. The review included professional and scientific sources published between 2004 and 2024, in Slovenian and English. Results: The literature review showed that skin problems in amputees are very common and include ulcers, irritation, infections, excessive sweating, and pain. The most significant risk factors are inadequate hygiene, poor prosthesis fit, stump volume fluctuations, and the properties of the materials used. Proper and regular hygienic care was found to significantly reduce the incidence of complications and improve the quality of life for amputees. Discussion and conclusion: The results confirm that stump and prosthesis hygiene is a key element in the successful rehabilitation of amputees. There is a lack of accessible professional resources and practical guidelines in Slovenia; therefore, this thesis contributes to greater awareness and provides a useful source of information for amputees and the professional community.

• Keywords: diploma theses, orthotics and prosthetics, amputation, stump, prosthesis, hygienic care, skin changes