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The association between somatic characteristics and sport performance of trampoline gymnasts aged 10-13 years
ID Hes, Bartłomej Patryk (Author), ID Dalecka, Martyna Kinga (Author)

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Abstract
Sports results are the outcome of a complex interaction of many factors. Many authors highlight the essential interdependence between somatic structure and performance level in gymnastics, confirming the crucial importance of body structure for success in these disciplines. However, the literature on trampoline gymnastics is limited, and publications on the somatic characteristics of athletes and their correlation with sports results are exceptionally scarce. The aim of this paper is to analyse the correlation between somatic features, body proportion indices, and sports results achieved in trampoline gymnastics competitions. The study included 114 trampoline gymnasts (69 women and 45 men) aged 10–13 years (mean age 11.47±1.01). Somatic measurements were performed in accordance with the principles of Martin’s technique. The study analysed the correlations between individual variables (somatic features, age, BMI) and results (time of flight, difficulty, execution, horizontal displacement) from the National Trampoline Cup competitions. The correlation between variables was calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Only complete routines (10 elements) were analysed. The research revealed significant correlations between somatic measurements and the competitive results of trampoline gymnasts. The most statistically significant correlations were observed with time of flight (ToF) (p<0.05) in both the first and second routines (ToF1, ToF2). This indicates that older, taller, and heavier gymnasts (with weight and height proportions, as measured by BMI, within the normal range) achieve better results in time of flight (ToF) than their younger counterparts, which could be explained by their ability to generate greater force from the trampoline.

Language:English
Keywords:sport, trampoline, time of flight, gymnastics, body composition, antropometric characteristics
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:FŠ - Faculty of Sport
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year:2025
Number of pages:Str. 421-432, 509
Numbering:Vol. 17, iss. 3
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-183722 This link opens in a new window
UDC:796.41
ISSN on article:1855-7171
DOI:10.52165/sgj.17.3.423-434 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:273069315 This link opens in a new window
Copyright:
Podatek o licenci CC BY-SA 4.0 je naveden na pristajalni strani članka (glej zgoraj izvorni URL). (Datum opombe: 19. 6. 2026)
Note:
Opomba: DOI, ki je naveden v članku (10.52165/sgj.17.3.423-434) ne deluje. Deluje DOI, ki je naveden na pristajalni strani članka (glej zgoraj izvorni URL), tj. 10.52165/sgj.17.3.421-432 (https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.17.3.421-432). (Datum opombe: 19. 6. 2026)
Publication date in RUL:19.06.2026
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Science of gymnastics journal
Publisher:Department of Gymnastics, Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana Press
ISSN:1855-7171
COBISS.SI-ID:246418176 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY-SA 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Description:This Creative Commons license is very similar to the regular Attribution license, but requires the release of all derivative works under this same license.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Title:Povezanost med telesnimi značilnostmi in uspešnostjo akrobatov na veliki prožni ponjavi starih 10–13 let
Abstract:
Vrhunski dosežek je posledica zapletenega prepletanja številnih dejavnikov. Mnogi pisci poudarjajo tesno soodvisnost med telesno zgradbo in ravnijo dosežkov v telovadnih panogah ter potrjujejo, da je zgradba telesa v teh disciplinah zelo pomembna za športne uspehe. Vendar je gradiva o skokih na ponjavah malo, objave o telesnih značilnostih akrobatov in njihovi povezanosti z dosežki pa so izjemno redke. Namen prispevka je predstaviti rezultate meritev telesnih značilnosti in kazalnikov telesnih razmerij pri akrobatih na veliki prožni ponjavi (VPP), starih 10–13 let, ter razčleniti povezanost teh kazalnikov z dosežki na tekmovanjih. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 114 akrobatov. Telesne meritve so bile opravljene po načelih Martinove metode. Preverjali smo povezanost med posameznimi spremenljivkami (telesne značilnosti, starost, ITM) in dosežki na tekmah Poljskega pokala na VPP. Povezanost med spremenljivkami je bila izračunana s Pearsonovim koeficientom povezanosti. Razčlenili smo le popolne sestave (10 prvin). Raziskava je pokazala pomembne povezave med meritvami telesnih značilnosti in dosežki akrobatov na ponjavi. Najizrazitejše povezave so bile ugotovljene s časom v zraku (ang. Time of flight – ToF) v prvi in drugi sestavi (ToF1, ToF2). To kaže, da višji in težji posamezniki (z razmerjem telesne mase in telesne višine v običajnih mejah) dosegajo boljše rezultate pri času v zraku, kar lahko pojasnimo z njihovo zmožnostjo ustvariti večjo silo na ponjavi.

Keywords:šport, gimnastika, ponjava, čas leta, telesna sestava, telovadba, antropometrija, nastop

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