Vpliv šesttedenske vadbe zavitih sprintov z obtežilnim jopičem na sprintersko sposobnost mladih nogometašic : magistrsko delo

Gadnik, Katarina (author), Spudić, Darjan (mentor)

Namen magistrske naloge je bil raziskati učinke šesttedenske vadbe zavitih sprintov z obtežilnim jopičem na sprintersko sposobnost in odrivno moč mladih nogometašic. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 18 igralk prve slovenske ženske mladinske in članske lige, ki so bile naključno razdeljene v eksperimentalno (z obtežitvijo) in kontrolno skupino (brez obtežitve). Treningi so potekali enkrat tedensko, s povečevanjem volumna sprintov po tednih. Pred in po vadbenem protokolu so bile izvedene meritve, in sicer 30-metrski linearni sprint, zaviti sprint v levo in desno smer ter vertikalni skoki: enonožni in sonožni skok z nasprotnim gibanjem, skok iz polčepa in globinski skok. Z rezultati testov pred in po vadbeni intervenciji, smo ugotavljali razlike v spremembi hitrosti pri linearnih in zavitih sprintih ter višini različnih vrst vertikalnih skokov med vadbenima skupinama. Z analizo kovariance smo ugotovili, da je vadbeni protokol sprintov z obtežilnim jopičem (eksperimentalna skupina) statistično značilno bolj izboljšal najvišjo hitrost zavitega sprinta v desno in zavitega sprinta v levo z obtežitvijo ter višino skoka iz polčepa v primerjavi z vadbenim protokolom sprintov brez obtežilnega jopiča (kontrolna skupina). S parnim t-testom smo ugotovili, da je kontrolna skupina statistično značilno poslabšala višino skoka iz polčepa (-8 %), višino skoka z nasprotnim gibanjem (-8 %), ter statistično značilno povečala največjo hitrost zavitega sprinta v desno (+4 %). V eksperimentalni skupini je prišlo do statistično značilnega poslabšanja višine globinskega skoka (-6 %), in hkrati statistično značilnega povečanja največjo hitrost zavitega sprinta v desno (+5 %) in največjo hitrosti zavitega sprinta v levo z obtežitvijo (+3 %). Analiza povezanosti je pokazala, da obstajajo srednje do močne povezave med spremembami v sprinterskih sposobnostih in višini skokov tako med kontrolno kot eksperimentalno skupino. Pričakovano je prišlo v kontrolni skupini do manjšega števila statistično značilnih povezav kot pri eksperimentalni skupini. V eksperimentalni skupini je prišlo do povezave med povečanjem maksimalne hitrosti v zavitem sprintu v desno in izboljšanjem višine skoka iz polčepa (r = 0,859; p < 0,01), skoka z nasprotnim gibanjem (r = 0,780; p < 0,05) in višino skoka z nasprotnim gibanjem z levo (r = 0,756; p < 0,05) in desno nogo (r = 0,893; p < 0,01). Poleg tega je prišlo tudi do statistično značilne povezave med pospeškom linearnega sprinta in globinskim skokom (r = - 0,857; p < 0,01), ter med pospeškom v zavitem sprintu v levo in višino skoka z nasprotnim gibanjem z obtežitvijo (r = - 0,814; p < 0,05). Ugotovitve kažejo, da ima vadba zavitih sprintov z obtežilnim jopičem lahko bolj pozitiven vpliv na rezultate linearnega in zavitega sprinta mladih nogometašic v primerjavi s sprinti brez obtežilnega jopiča. Ker je sprinterski protokol tudi negativno vplival na nekatere rezultate odrivne moči, na podlagi naših rezultatov predlagamo, da se v praksi za dosego celostnih prilagoditev predstavljeni sprinterski protokol kombinira z metodami vadbe za razvoj odrivne moči.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zaviti sprinti, dodatna obremenitev, hitrost, odrivna moč, nogomet, mladinske igralke
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-183231
• COBISS.SI-ID: 282438915
• Publication date in RUL: 09.06.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of a six-week curved sprint training program with a weighted vest on the sprint performance of young female soccer players

Abstract

The purpose of this master's thesis was to examine the effects of a six-week curved sprint training program with additional load (weighted vest) on sprint performance and explosive power in young female football players. The study involved 18 players from the elite Slovenian women's youth and senior league, who were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (with added load) or a control group (without load). The training sessions were conducted once a week, with a progressive increase in sprint volume over the weeks. Measurements were performed before and after the training intervention and included a 30-meter linear sprint, curved sprints to the left and right and vertical jumps (countermovement jump, single-leg countermovement jump, squat jump and drop jump). These were used to determine changes in sprint speed (both linear and curved) and jump height across different types of vertical jumps. Analysis of covariance revealed that the weighted sprint training protocol (experimental group) resulted in significantly greater improvements in maximal speed during curved sprinting to the right and left (under loaded conditions), as well as in squat jump height, compared to the non-weighted sprint protocol (control group). Using paired t-tests, we found that control group experienced a statistically significant decrease in squat jump height (-8 %) and countermovement jump height (-8 %) and a statistically significant increase in maximal speed during the curved sprint to the right (+4 %). On the other hand, although the experimental group showed a statistically significant decrease in drop jump height (-6 %), they also achieved a statistically significant increase in maximal speed during the curved sprint to the right (+5 %) and curved sprint to the left with added load (+3 %). Correlation analysis revealed moderate to strong relationships between changes in sprint performance and jump height in both the control and experimental groups. As expected, the control group had fewer statistically significant correlations compared to the experimental group. Specifically, there were statistically significant correlations between the increase in maximal speed during the curved sprint to the right and improvements in squat jump height (r = 0,859; p < 0,01), countermovement jump height (r = 0,780; p < 0,05), and countermovement jump height performed with the left (r = 0,756; p < 0,05) and right leg (r = 0,893; p < 0,01). Additionally, there were statistically significant correlations between acceleration in the linear sprint and drop jump height (r = 0,857; p < 0,01), as well as between acceleration in the curved sprint to the left and countermovement jump height with additional load (r = 0,814; p < 0,05). The findings suggest that curved sprint training with a weighted vest may have a positive effect on certain aspects of speed and explosive power in young female football players. However, further research is needed to draw broader conclusions.

• Keywords: curved sprints, additional load, speed, explosive power, football, youth female athletes