Medgeneracijski prenos travm med ženskami žrtvami nasilja

Šabec, Sara (author), Kovač Šebart, Mojca (mentor), Hribar Sorčan, Valentina (mentor), Mažgon, Jasna (comentor)

Magistrsko delo obravnava medgeneracijski prenos travme med ženskami žrtvami nasilja. Travma kot kompleksna psihična in telesna izkušnja lahko močno zaznamuje posameznika ter vpliva na njegove čustvene, kognitivne in vedenjske odzive. Pri tem ne ostaja omejena zgolj na posameznikovo izkušnjo, temveč se lahko preko odnosov, vzorcev vedenja in družinske dinamike prenaša tudi na naslednje generacije (van der Kolk 2014, str. 52; Cvetek 2009, str. 122–123). Glavni namen magistrskega dela je bil raziskati, kako se travmatične izkušnje prenašajo med materjo in hčerjo ter kako se kažejo v njunem doživljanju, odnosih in vsakdanjem življenju. Poseben poudarek je bil namenjen razumevanju družinske komunikacije, vzgojnih vzorcev, socializacije ter odnosnih dinamik, ki lahko prispevajo k ohranjanju ali preoblikovanju travmatskih izkušenj. V teoretičnem delu sem obravnavala sodobna pojmovanja travme, njen vpliv na telo, možgane in spomin ter značilne travmatske odzive, kot so podoživljanje, izogibanje in hipervzbujenost (Rozman 2015, str. 53–67; van der Kolk 2014, str. 93–115). Nadalje sem predstavila različne modele medgeneracijskega prenosa travme, med drugim model družinskega sistema, komunikacijski model, sociokulturni model ter psihodinamični in relacijski pristop (Gostečnik 2008, str. 78; Danieli 1998, str. 111–115). Empirični del temelji na kvalitativni raziskavi, izvedeni s polstrukturiranim intervjujem z dvema sogovornicama – materjo in hčerjo. Namen raziskave je bil pridobiti vpogled v subjektivno doživljanje travme, načine govora oziroma molka o nasilju ter razumevanje medgeneracijskega odnosa. Zbrano gradivo je bilo obdelano po načelih kvalitativne vsebinske analize. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da se travma ne prenaša zgolj preko neposrednih izkušenj nasilja, temveč tudi preko odnosnih vzorcev, čustvene odsotnosti, komunikacijskih značilnosti ter socializacijskih vplivov. Pomembno vlogo imajo tudi ponotranjene predstave o sebi in drugih, ki se oblikujejo v zgodnjih odnosih in lahko vplivajo na kasnejše doživljanje in vedenje (Sroufe in Fleeson 1986, str. 51–71; Schore 2010, str. 23–27). Ob tem se kažejo tudi elementi ponavljanja odnosnih vzorcev, ki jih je mogoče razumeti v okviru kompulzivnega ponavljanja (Gostečnik 1997, str. 9–13). Magistrsko delo tako obravnava medgeneracijski prenos travme kot kompleksen in večplasten pojav, ki vključuje preplet psiholoških, telesnih, družinskih in družbenih dejavnikov. Poseben poudarek je namenjen razumevanju odnosa med materjo in hčerjo, ki omogoča vpogled v načine, kako se travma oblikuje, prenaša in potencialno preoblikuje znotraj družinskega sistema.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: travma, medgeneracijski prenos travme, nasilje nad ženskami, nasilje v družini, intimnopartnersko nasilje, odnos mati–hči, družinska dinamika, socializacija, psihična travma, kvalitativna analiza
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-183166
• Publication date in RUL: 06.06.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma Among Women Victims of Violence

Abstract

This master’s thesis examines the intergenerational transmission of trauma among women who have experienced violence. Trauma, as a complex psychological and bodily experience, can significantly affect an individual’s emotional, cognitive, and behavioral functioning. It is not limited to the individual level, but can also be transmitted across generations through relationships, behavioral patterns, and family dynamics (van der Kolk 2014, p. 52; Cvetek 2009, pp. 122–123). The main aim of the thesis was to explore how traumatic experiences are transmitted between a mother and her daughter, and how they are reflected in their experiences, relationships, and everyday lives. Particular attention was given to family communication, upbringing patterns, socialization processes, and relational dynamics that may contribute to the maintenance or transformation of trauma. The theoretical part addresses contemporary understandings of trauma, its impact on the body, brain, and memory, as well as characteristic trauma responses such as re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal (Rozman 2015, pp. 53–67; van der Kolk 2014, pp. 93–115). Furthermore, different models of intergenerational trauma transmission are presented, including the family systems model, communication model, sociocultural model, and psychodynamic and relational approaches (Gostečnik 2008, p. 78; Danieli 1998, pp. 111–115). The empirical part is based on qualitative research conducted through a semi-structured interview with two participants – a mother and her daughter. The aim was to gain insight into the subjective experience of trauma, the ways in which violence is expressed or silenced, and the understanding of the intergenerational relationship. The collected data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The findings indicate that trauma is not transmitted solely through direct experiences of violence, but also through relational patterns, emotional unavailability, communication characteristics, and socialization influences. Internalized representations of self and others, formed in early relationships, play an important role in shaping later experiences and behaviors (Sroufe & Fleeson 1986, pp. 51–71; Schore 2010, pp. 23–27). Elements of repetition of relational patterns are also present, which can be understood within the framework of compulsive repetition (Gostečnik 1997, pp. 9–13). The thesis thus approaches intergenerational trauma transmission as a complex and multifaceted phenomenon involving the interaction of psychological, bodily, familial, and social factors. Particular emphasis is placed on understanding the mother–daughter relationship, which provides insight into how trauma is formed, transmitted, and potentially transformed within the family system.

• Keywords: trauma, intergenerational trauma transmission, violence against women, domestic violence, intimate partner violence, mother–daughter relationship, family dynamics, socialization, psychological trauma, qualitative analysis.