Introduction: Knee joint arthrofibrosis is a postoperative or post-traumatic complication characterized by pain, stiffness, and a reduced range of motion of the knee. It most commonly occurs after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and total knee arthroplasty and has a significant impact on patients’ functional capacity and quality of life. Due to pathophysiological mechanisms involving inflammatory and fibrotic processes, arthrofibrosis requires targeted and timely physiotherapeutic management. In clinical practice, various physiotherapy interventions are used, such as therapeutic exercise, ultrasound phonophoresis, static progressive stretching, mechanical devices, and multimodal approaches. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions in the treatment of knee joint arthrofibrosis based on a review of professional and scientific literature. Methods: A literature review was conducted using the database PubMed. Studies published between 2012 and 2025 that examined the effects of physiotherapy interventions in patients with knee joint arthrofibrosis were included in the analysis. Studies were selected according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Five studies were included in the literature review. The effects of ultrasound phonophoresis with hydrocortisone, static progressive stretching, mechanical stretching devices, and multimodal physiotherapy programs were analyzed. The results showed that all the examined interventions improved knee joint range of motion and reduced pain. The best outcomes were achieved with combined approaches, particularly the combination of phonophoresis with static progressive stretching and therapeutic exercises, as well as the use of mechanical stretching devices in the home environment. Multimodal physiotherapy approaches proved to be comparable to or even more effective than manipulation under anesthesia. Discussion and Conclusion: The reviewed studies confirm that physiotherapy interventions play a key role in the conservative treatment of knee joint arthrofibrosis. Combined and individually tailored programs enable greater and more sustained improvements in mobility and pain reduction while simultaneously reducing the need for invasive procedures. Despite encouraging results, the studies are methodologically heterogeneous; therefore, further larger and more standardized studies are needed to enable a more precise definition of optimal physiotherapy protocols.
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