Vozna steza za hitri izhod in njen vpliv na zmogljivost letališča : magistrsko delo

Gerič Škopac, Katarina (author), Rijavec, Robert (mentor), Strnad Trček, Irena (comentor)

Letališče Jožeta Pučnika Ljubljana je največje mednarodno letališče v Sloveniji in obratuje z eno vzletno-pristajalno stezo orientacije 30–12. Ker dodatna vzletno-pristajalna steza zaradi prostorskih omejitev ni mogoča, naloga obravnava izgradnjo vozne steze za hitri izhod kot alternativni ukrep za povečanje zmogljivosti. Zmogljivost vzletno-pristajalne steze je opredeljena kot število operacij (prihodov in odhodov), ki jih je mogoče opraviti v eni uri. Za njeno določitev je bil razvit analitični model v programskem jeziku Python, ki upošteva minimalne varnostne razmake med zrakoplovi, strukturo flote ter čase zasedenosti vzletno-pristajalne steze. Analiza je bila izvedena za obstoječe stanje ter za scenarij z uvedbo voznih stez za hitri izhod v obeh smereh obratovanja. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da bi uvedba vozne steze za hitri izhod povečala teoretično zmogljivost za približno 8–10 operacij na uro, predvsem pri večjem deležu prihodov. Povprečni čas zasedenosti vzletno-pristajalne steze bi se skrajšal za približno 13–15 sekund na operacijo. Ob upoštevanju realnih operativnih dejavnikov je ocenjena zmogljivost približno 15 % nižja od teoretične vrednosti. Za oceno operativnega učinka investicije je bil uporabljen model čakalnih vrst M/G/1, ki omogoča določitev pričakovanega časa čakanja. Analiza prikazuje, da so pri trenutni prometni obremenitvi časovni in ekonomski učinki zmanjšanja zamud razmeroma omejeni, saj sistem obratuje pod kapacitetno mejo. Ob višjih prometnih obremenitvah model pokaže izrazito nelinearno rast zamud, zaradi česar bi učinek skrajšanja časa zasedenosti postal bistveno pomembnejši. Izdelani sta bili oceni investicije izgradnje vozne steze za hitri izhod za obe možnosti. Primerjava s trenutnim prometom in orientacijskim pragom 25 operacij na uro, ki ga navaja ICAO, kaže, da izgradnja vozne steze za hitri izhod v trenutnih razmerah kapacitetno ni nujna, predstavlja pa potencialno razvojno infrastrukturo ob ponovni dolgoročni rasti prometa.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, gradbeništvo, analiza zmogljivosti, vzletno-pristajalna steza, vozna steza za hitri izhod, letališče, 3D model, vozna steza, čas zasedanja steze
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [I. Priimek]
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datotek PDF (17, 85 str., [15] str. pril.))
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-182765
• UDC: 656.71:004.42(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 279280387
• Publication date in RUL: 22.05.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Rapid exit taxiway and its effect on airport capacity

Abstract

Jože Pučnik Ljubljana Airport is the largest international airport in Slovenia and operates with a single runway (30–12). Due to spatial constraints in the surrounding area, the construction of an additional runway is not a realistic option. Therefore, this thesis examines the implementation of a rapid exit taxiway (RET) as an alternative measure for increasing runway capacity. Runway capacity is defined as the number of aircraft movements (arrivals and departures) that can be performed within one hour. An analytical model was developed in Python to determine capacity, considering minimum separation standards between aircraft, fleet composition, and runway occupancy times. The analysis was conducted for the current configuration and for scenarios including rapid exit taxiways in both runway directions. The results indicate that the implementation of a rapid exit taxiway would increase theoretical runway capacity by approximately 8–10 movements per hour, particularly under arrival-dominated traffic conditions. The average runway occupancy time would be reduced by approximately 13–15 seconds per operation. Considering operational constraints and real-world factors, actual capacity is estimated to be approximately 15 % lower than the theoretical value. To assess the operational impact of the investment, an M/G/1 queuing model was applied to estimate expected waiting times. The analysis shows that under current traffic levels, the time savings and associated economic benefits from reduced delays are relatively limited, as the system operates below its capacity threshold. However, at higher traffic levels, the model demonstrates a nonlinear increase in delays as runway utilization approaches saturation, making reductions in runway occupancy time significantly more impactful. Estimate of investment cost for both configurations was made. A comparison with current traffic levels and the ICAO reference threshold of 25 movements per hour indicates that the construction of a rapid exit taxiway is not currently capacity critical. Nevertheless, it represents a potential strategic infrastructure measure in the event of long-term traffic growth.

• Keywords: master thesis, civil engineering, capacity analysis, runway, rapid exit taxiway, airport, 3D model, taxiway, runway occupancy time