Vpliv uživanja marihuane in alkohola na duševno zdravje mladostnikov : diplomsko delo

Močnik, Sara (author), Lapanja, Aljoša (mentor), Thaler, Darja (reviewer)

Uvod: Med mladostniki sta najpogosteje uporabljeni psihoaktivni snovi marihuana in alkohol. Zloraba psihoaktivnih snovi v razvojnem obdobju močno vpliva na duševno zdravje mladostnikov, povečuje tveganje razvoja odvisnosti in nagnjenosti k rizičnem vedenju. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati vpliv uporabe marihuane in alkohola na duševno zdravje mladostnikov in izpostaviti pomen preventivnega delovanja zdravstvene negi pri obravnavi mladostnikov. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature. Pri iskanju smo uporabili časovni okvir, in sicer od leta 2016 do 2026. Literatura je bila iskana v angleškem jeziku s ključnimi besedami adolescents, adolescents AND cannabis use AND alcohol use AND mental health, mental health AND adolescents, adolescents AND substance use, v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, Medline (PubMed) in ScienceDirect. Prav tako je bila literatura iskana v strokovnih poročilih mednarodnih in nacionalnih organizacij World Health Organization (WHO), European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) in Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje (NIJZ). V analizo smo vključili 40 člankov. Rezultati: Z zgodnjim začetkom uporabe konoplje in alkohola se poveča tveganje razvoja odvisnosti in pojava duševnih motenj, kot so psihoza, depresija, anksiozne motnje. Poveča se možnost tveganih vedenj, pri zlorabi alkohola se poveča stopnja suicidalne ogroženosti, samomorov in smrti zaradi opitosti, pri zlorabi konoplje pa se zmanjša sposobnost pozornosti, oslabijo se izvršilne funkcije in poveča se možnost pojava anksioznosti ter suicidalnih misli kasneje v življenju. Razprava in zaključek: Razvoj duševnih motenj, zasvojenosti, suicidalnosti se lahko pojavijo kot posledica zlorabe alkohola in konoplje. Zdravstvena nega predstavlja pomemben del multidisciplinarnega pristopa pri obravnavi pacientov z odvisnostjo, predvsem z vzgojno-izobraževalnim delom pri mladostnikih. Odvisnost je še vedno stigmatizirana in se o njej ter posledicah zlorabe psihoaktivnih snovi ozavešča premalo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, mladostniki, duševno zdravje, psihoaktivne substance, konoplja, alkohol
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [S. Močnik]
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: 30 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-182761
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 279002627
• Publication date in RUL: 22.05.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The impact of marijuana and alcohol use on adolescents’ mental health : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Among adolescents, the most commonly used psychoactive substances are marijuana and alcohol. The abuse of psychoactive substances during the developmental period strongly affects adolescents' mental health, increases the risk of developing addiction, and the tendency toward risky behavior. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to investigate the impact of marijuana and alcohol use on adolescents' mental health and to highlight the importance of preventive actions in nursing care when working with adolescents. Methods: In the thesis, we used a descriptive method of work with a review of scientific and professional literature. We used a timeframe from 2016 to 2026. Literature was searched in English using the following keywords: adolescents, adolescents AND cannabis use AND alcohol use AND mental health, mental health AND adolescents, adolescents AND substance use, in the databases CINAHL, Medline (PubMed), ScienceDirect. Literature was also searched in professional reports of international and national organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), and the National Institute of Public Health (NIJZ). We included 40 articles in the analysis. Results: Early initiation of marijuana and alcohol use increases the risk of developing addiction, the occurrence of mental disorders such as psychosis, depression, and anxiety disorders. The possibility of risky behaviors also increases; in alcohol abuse, the rate of suicidal risk, suicides, and death due to intoxication increases, while in marijuana abuse, attention capacity decreases, executive functions are impaired, and the likelihood of anxiety and suicidal thoughts later in life increases. Discussion and Conclusion: The development of mental disorders, addiction, and suicidality can occur as a consequence of alcohol and marijuana abuse. Nursing care represents an important part of the multidisciplinary approach in treating patients with addiction, especially through educational work with adolescents. Addiction is still stigmatized, and there is insufficient awareness about it and the consequences of psychoactive substance abuse.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, adolescents, mental health, psychoactive substances, marijuana, alcohol