Možganska kap kot zaplet v nosečnosti in vloga medicinske sestre : diplomsko delo

Poje, Monika (author), Mlinar, Suzana (mentor), Čepin, Urška (comentor), Ovijač, Darja (reviewer)

Uvod: Možganska kap je resna nevrološka bolezen, ki kljub pogostejšemu pojavljanju v starejšem življenjskem obdobju prizadene tudi ženske v rodni dobi. Nosečnost predstavlja specifično fiziološko stanje, v katerem zaradi hormonskih, hemodinamskih in hemostatskih sprememb obstaja povečano tveganje za nastanek cerebrovaskularnih zapletov. Možganska kap v nosečnosti je sicer redka, vendar lahko povzroči hude posledice tako za nosečnico kot tudi za plod, zato zahteva pravočasno prepoznavanje in ustrezno interdisciplinarno obravnavo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je preučiti možgansko kap kot zaplet v nosečnosti, opredeliti najpogostejše dejavnike tveganja ter predstaviti vlogo medicinske sestre pri preventivi, zgodnjem prepoznavanju in obravnavi nosečnic z večjim tveganjem za možgansko kap. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature, izvedenim v skladu s smernicami PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovnih zbirkah CINAHL, MEDLINE (PubMed) in ScienceDirect. V analizo so bili vključeni znanstveni članki, objavljeni v obdobju od leta 2013 do 2026, ki so obravnavali možgansko kap v nosečnosti ali poporodnem obdobju ter vlogo zdravstvene nege. Rezultati: Rezultati pregleda literature so pokazali, da so najpogostejši dejavniki tveganja za možgansko kap v nosečnosti hipertenzivne motnje, zlasti preeklampsija in eklampsija, trombofilije ter poporodno obdobje. Možganska kap se najpogosteje pojavi v tretjem trimesečju nosečnosti ali v zgodnjem poporodnem obdobju. Pregled literature je potrdil, da ima medicinska sestra pomembno vlogo pri spremljanju zdravstvenega stanja nosečnice in otročnice, prepoznavanju opozorilnih znakov ter izvajanju preventivnih in izobraževalnih aktivnosti. Razprava in zaključek: Zgodnje prepoznavanje možganske kapi v nosečnosti in pravočasno ukrepanje sta ključnega pomena za izboljšanje izidov zdravljenja. Celostni in interdisciplinarni pristop, v katerem ima medicinska sestra pomembno vlogo, je ključen za zagotavljanje varne in kakovostne zdravstvene obravnave nosečnic.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, možganska kap, nosečnost, dejavniki tveganja, medicinske sestre
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Poje]
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: VII, 32 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-182688
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 278853379
• Publication date in RUL: 21.05.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Cerebrovascular insult as a complication in pregnancy and the role of the nurse : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is a serious neurological disorder which, although more commonly associated with older age, can also affect women of reproductive age. Pregnancy represents a specific physiological state in which hormonal, hemodynamic, and hemostatic changes contribute to an increased risk of cerebrovascular complications. Although stroke during pregnancy is relatively rare, it can lead to severe consequences for both mother and fetus and therefore requires timely recognition and appropriate interdisciplinary management. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to examine stroke as a complication during pregnancy, identify the most common risk factors, and present the role of the nurse in prevention, early recognition and management of pregnant women at increased risk of stroke. Methods: A descriptive research method was employed, based on a review of scientific and professional literature conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The literature search was carried out in the CINAHL, MEDLINE (PubMed), and ScienceDirect databases. The analysis included scientific articles published between 2013 and 2026 that addressed stroke during pregnancy or the postpartum period, as well as the role of nursing care. Results: The literature review showed that the most common risk factors for stroke during pregnancy are hypertensive disorders, particularly preeclampsia and eclampsia, thrombophilias and the postpartum period. Stroke most frequently occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy or in the early postpartum period. The literature review confirmed that nurses play an important role in monitoring the health status of pregnant and postpartum women, recognizing warning signs, and implementing preventive and educational activities. Discussion and Conclusion: Early recognition of stroke during pregnancy and timely intervention are crucial for improving treatment outcomes. A comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach in which the nurse plays a significant role is essential for ensuring safe and high quality care for pregnant women.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, stroke, pregnancy, risk factors, nurses