Odnos mladih odraslih do tradicionalnih spolnih vlog : diplomsko delo

Arslanović, Jasmina (author), Kralj, Ana (mentor)

V diplomskem delu raziskujem odnos mladih odraslih do tradicionalnih spolnih vlog. Zanimalo me je, kako mladi odrasli razumejo spolne vloge, ali se je njihov odnos do teh skozi čas spreminjal, kateri dejavniki vplivajo na oblikovanje njihovih stališč, ali in zakaj se med mladimi še vedno pojavlja krepitev tradicionalnih pogledov ter kakšen je njihov odnos do nebinarnih in spolno fluidnih identitet. Raziskava je potekala z metodo fokusnih skupin. Sodelovali sta dve skupini, ena z moškimi in druga z ženskami, starimi med 18 in 30 let. Skupini sem ločila po spolu, saj me je zanimalo, ali in kako se bodo razlikovali pogledi na (tradicionalne) spolne vloge med moškimi in ženskami. Obenem sem se za izvedbo fokusnih skupin, ločenih po spolu, odločila tudi zato, ker sem želela ustvariti varno okolje, v katerem bodo respondentke in respondenti lahko odgovarjali bolj sproščeno, z manj nelagodja ali strahu pred obsojanjem ali morebitnimi konflikti, čeprav sem se hkrati zavedala, da na ta način tvegam utrjevanje spolnih binarizmov. V teoretičnem delu sem najprej opredelila spol in spolne vloge ter pojasnila razliko med biološkim in družbenim spolom. Osredotočila sem se na družbeno konstrukcijo spolnih vlog ter predstavila vpliv primarne in sekundarne socializacije na njihovo oblikovanje, pri čemer sem izpostavila vlogo družine, vrstnikov, izobraževalnega sistema, medijev in družbenih omrežij. Posebno pozornost sem namenila feministični teoriji, ki pojasnjuje, kako družbeni, kulturni in institucionalni dejavniki prispevajo k neenakosti med spoloma, ter queer teoriji, ki odpira vprašanja legitimnosti določenih spolnih identitet in marginalizacije drugih. Zaključno poglavje teorije sem posvetila povezavi teme s področjem socialnega dela. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da mladi odrasli v veliki meri še vedno podpirajo tradicionalne spolne vloge. Kot ključna dejavnika oblikovanja stališč so tako moški kot ženske izpostavili vzgojo v družini in vpliv družbenih omrežij. Velik delež udeležencev je spolne vloge utemeljeval z biološkimi dejavniki, kot so hormoni, telesna zgradba in kromosomi, ter menil, da naj vsak spol sledi svoji »naravni« vlogi. Ženske so ob tem izpostavile, da gre pri teh vlogah za družbene konstrukte, in kazale večjo odprtost za prepletanje vlog, medtem ko so moški tradicionalne vloge dojemali kot naravne, smiselne in nespremenljive ter možnost njihovega prepletanja zavračali. Raziskava je pokazala tudi precejšen odpor do spolne fluidnosti in nebinarnosti, ki ju večina udeležencev ne razume ali sprejema.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: spolne vloge, tradicionalna stališča, socializacija, družbena omrežja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FSD - Faculty of Social Work
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Arslanović]
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: 171 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-182049
• UDC: 316.367
• COBISS.SI-ID: 280584195
• Publication date in RUL: 23.04.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Young adults' attitudes towards traditional gender roles

Abstract

This thesis explores the attitudes of young adults toward traditional gender roles. The research examines how young adults perceive gender roles, whether their views have changed over time, what factors influence the formation of their attitudes, whether and why traditional views remain present among young people, and how they relate to non-binary and gender-fluid identities. The study was conducted using focus groups, with two separate groups, one consisting of male and the other of female participants aged between 18 and 30. The groups were divided by gender to explore potential differences in perspectives between men and women. The theoretical part begins with definitions of sex and gender roles, focusing on the distinction between biological and social gender and the social construction of gender roles. Furthermore it discusses how gender roles are shaped through primary and secondary socialization, emphasizing the influence of family, peers, the educational system, media, and social networks. The thesis also draws on feminist theory, which explains how social, cultural, and institutional factors contribute to gender inequality, and queer theory, which questions the legitimacy of certain gender identities while marginalizing others. The theoretical part concludes by connecting the topic to the field of social work. The results show that young adults still support traditional gender roles. Both male and female participants identified family and social media as key influences in shaping their views. A significant portion of participants grounded gender roles in biological differences, such as hormones, body structure, and chromosomes, believing that each gender should follow its "natural" role. Women often expressed awareness that gender roles are socially constructed and showed greater openness to role fluidity. In contrast, men described traditional roles as natural, reasonable, and unchangeable, rejecting the idea of role reversal. The findings also reveal a strong resistance and lack of understanding toward gender fluidity and non-binary identities among most participants.

• Keywords: gender roles, traditional attitudes, socialization, social media