Struktura Savskega preloma pri vasi Gozd : magistrsko delo

Anžel, Andrej (author), Vrabec, Marko (mentor), Jamšek Rupnik, Petra (comentor), Popit, Tomislav (member of the commission for defense), Šmuc, Andrej (member of the commission for defense)

Savski prelom je ~150 km dolg prelom Periadriatskega prelomnega sistema. Nahaja se v jugovzhodnih Alpah v kompresijski do transpresijski kontaktni coni med Jadransko mikroploščo in Evropsko ploščo ter je aktiven vsaj zadnjih 6 Ma. Kljub znanemu potresnemu potencialu, potresna zgodovina preloma doslej ni bila raziskana, zato je potrebno poiskati primerno lokacijo za paleoseizmološke raziskave. V magistrskem delu smo raziskali strukturo Savskega preloma na območju vasi Gozd nad Golnikom. Izdelali smo podrobno strukturno-geološko karto, fotogrametrično posneli območje in analizirali različne vizualizacije digitalnega modela reliefa območja, izvedli geofizikalne meritve (elektično upornostno tomografijo) čez prelom ter sedimentološko popisali in radiokarbonsko datirali kvartarne sedimente, ki prelom prekrivajo. Izdelana strukturno-geološka karta razkriva triasne karbonatne kamnine Schlernske formacije, oligocenske laporovce in glinavce, andezitne tufe, pleistocenske diamikte in diamiktite, holocenske diamikte ter holocenske prodnato-peščene sedimente. Identificirali smo potek glavne veje Savskega preloma v smeri SZ–JV in številne sekundarne prelome, ki potekajo ob njej. Geomorfološka analiza različnih vizualizacij digitalnega modela reliefa je razkrila, da se vas Gozd nahaja na uravnavi, prekriti s kvartarnimi sedimenti, ki so odloženi v obliki aluvialnih pahljač. Električna upornostna tomografija je potrdila potek Savskega preloma pod kvartarnimi sedimenti kot subvertikalne nizkoupornostne cone in pokazala deformacije kvartarnih sedimentov, kar potrjuje kvartarno aktivnost preloma na tem območju. Detajlni opis sedimentnih enot v sondažnem izkopu in radiokarbonske datacije oglja, ki so pokazale srednje holocenske do poznopleistocenske starosti (4-42 ka), nakazujejo na pretežno počasno akumulacijo drobnozrnatega koluvija z enim visoko energijskim dogodkom odložitve grušča na distalnem delu pahljače. Na podlagi analize pridobljenih podatkov smo interpretirali, da območje vasi Gozd leži na velikem strukturnem plazu, za katerega ocenjujemo, da je nastal v času zgodnjega do srednjega pleistocena (okvirno 1 Ma do 500 ka) in bil odtlej za 200-500 m zamaknjen ob prelomu. Rezultati prispevajo nov vpogled v geološko zgradbo Savskega preloma pri Gozdu, izpostavljajo vpliv interakcije med tektonskimi in gravitacijskimi procesi ter zagotavljajo osnovo za nadaljnje paleoseizmološke raziskave.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Savski prelom, Gozd, strukturno-geološko kartiranje, električna upornostna tomografija, digitalni model reliefa, strukturni plaz, paleoseizmologija
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: A. Anžel
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: XVII, 98 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-181869
• UDC: 55
• COBISS.SI-ID: 275942403
• Publication date in RUL: 17.04.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Structure of Sava fault near village Gozd : master's thesis

Abstract

The Sava Fault is a ~150 km long fault of the Periadriatic Fault System. It is located in the south‑eastern Alps, in the compressive to transpressive contact zone between the Adriatic microplate and the Eurasian plate and has been active since at least the last 6 Ma. Despite its known seismic potential, the fault’s seismic history has not yet been studied, therefore an appropriate site for palaeoseismological investigation must be identified. This master’s thesis investigates the structure of the Sava Fault near the village of Gozd above Golnik. A detailed structural‑geological map was produced, the area was surveyed photogrammetrically, and various visualisations of digital elevation models were analysed. Geophysical measurements (electrical resistivity tomography) were carried out across the fault and the Quaternary sediments covering it were sedimentologically described and dated using radiocarbon analysis. The resulting structural‑geological map reveals Triassic carbonates of the Schlern Formation, Oligocene marls, claystones and andesitic tuffs, Pleistocene diamictons and diamictites, Holocene diamictons and Holocene gravelly‑sandy sediments. The trace of the main branch of the Sava Fault, trending NW–SE, and of numerous secondary faults running alongside it were identified. Geomorphic analysis of various digital elevation model visualisations shows that the village of Gozd lies on a levelled surface covered by Quaternary sediments deposited as alluvial fans. Electrical resistivity tomography confirmed the fault as a subvertical low‑resistivity zone and revealed deformation of the Quaternary sediments, demonstrating its Quaternary activity. Detailed descriptions of sedimentary units in the excavation pit and radiocarbon dating of charcoal (4–42 ka) indicate predominantly slow accumulation of fine‑grained colluvium with a single high‑energy debris deposition event in the distal part of the fan. Synthesis of the acquired data implies that the village of Gozd lies on a large structural landslide, likely triggered in the Early to Middle Pleistocene (about 1 Ma to 500 ka) and since then offset for 200-500 m along the fault. The results provide new insights into the geological structure of the Sava Fault near Gozd, highlight the interaction between tectonic and gravitational processes, and provide a basis for further palaeoseismological research.

• Keywords: Sava Fault, Gozd, structural-geological mapping, electrical resistivity tomography, digital elevation model, structural landslide, paleoseismology