The purpose of this thesis is to examine the possibility of relieving the load of an existing transformer substation by integrating a battery energy storage system and to analyse the impact of such a solution on the operation of the electrical power system. The analysed transformer substation supplies fast charging infrastructure for electric vehicles as well as a photovoltaic power plant. Due to the potential simultaneous operation of multiple fast chargers, there is a risk that the total operating power may exceed the permissible limits of the transformer, which could lead to overloading and reduced reliability of the system.
The thesis first presents the background of the problem, the theoretical fundamentals of battery energy storage systems, an overview of available technologies, and the role of battery storage in modern power systems. The sizing of the battery storage system in terms of rated power and energy capacity, as well as the required electrical installations, is also addressed.
The main focus of the thesis is the design of a battery energy storage system and its associated electrical installations. Based on an analysis of the load profile, the storage system is dimensioned with respect to rated power and energy capacity, and its integration into the existing electrical power system is planned. The design process also includes the specification of the required electrical installations, distribution systems, and control and communication connections. As part of the thesis, project documentation has been prepared, including electrical schematics, technical drawings, and the dimensioning of key system components.
In the final part of the thesis, the economic aspect of the investment is also considered. A comparative assessment is carried out between the proposed battery storage solution and an alternative option of increasing the available capacity by constructing an additional transformer substation with the same rated power.
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