Študija toplotnih razmer pri laserskem razrezu kovinskih materialov : diplomsko delo

Ulčar, Peter (author), Kosec, Borut (mentor), Nagode, Aleš (member of the commission for defense), Terčelj, Milan (member of the commission for defense)

Namen diplomskega dela je bil izdelati vzorce iz nerjavnega jekla X2CrNi18-9, aluminijeve zlitine AW1050 H24 ter medi CuZn37 s postopkom laserskega razreza z uporabo optičnega laserskega žarka. V delu je opisan postopek uporabe laserske naprave za razrez in njeno delovanje, ter teoretične osnove optičnega laserskega žarka. Za vsak material sta bila izdelana 2 vzorca, pri tem je bil parameter hitrosti razreza za drugi izdelan vzorec enak in je znašal 5000mm/min. Na vzorcih je bilo izvedeno merjenje zunanjih dimenzij, ter analiza makrostrukture in mikrostrukture. Za uspešno izvedbo mikrostrukturne analize je bil uporabljen postopek vrstične elektronske mikroskopije (SEM) in energijske disperzijske spektroskopije rentgenskih žarkov (EDS). Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je postopek laserskega razreza z uporabo optičnega žarka eden vodilnih postopkov obdelave valjane pločevine. Uporaba optičnega laserskega žarka pa je med procesom povzročila spremembe na obdelovanih zlitinah, kjer smo opazovali nastanek striacij na makrostrukturi in pojav toplotno vplivane cone v mikrostrukturi materiala. Tip zlitine in vhodni parametri laserskega razreza so imeli velik vpliv na obliko, velikost in lastnosti nastalih striacij in toplotno vplivane cone. Pri analizi mikrostrukture izdelanih vzorcev je bilo ugotovljeno, da manjša hitrost razreza, ki je bila uporabljena pri razrezu vzorcev, poslabša kvaliteto in obliko striacij, prav tako pa je imela negativen vpliv na širino in lastnosti toplotno vplivane cone.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: laserski razrez, toplotna analiza, toplotno vplivana cona, SEM
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: P. Ulčar
• Year: 2026
• Number of pages: XIII, 52 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-181323
• UDC: 669
• COBISS.SI-ID: 273997827
• Publication date in RUL: 01.04.2026

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Study of thermal conditions during laser cutting of mettalic materials : diploma work

Abstract

The purpose of the diploma thesis was to successfully manufacture samples from stainless steel X2CrNi18-9, aluminium alloy AW1050 H24, and brass CuZn37 using the laser cutting process with an optical laser beam. The procedure of using the fiber laser cutting device and its operation, along with the theoretical principles of the optical laser beam were described. Two samples were produced for each material, where the cutting speed parameter for the second sample was set at 5000 mm/min. Measurements of external dimensions, as well as macrostructure and microstructure analyses were performed on the manufactured samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used for the successful execution of the microstructure analysis. It was found that the laser cutting process using an optical beam is one of the leading processes for processing rolled sheet metal and is widely used in industry. However, the use of an optical laser beam caused changes in the processed alloys during the process, where the formation of striations was observed in the macrostructure and the appearance of a heat-affected zone in the microstructure of the material. The type of processed alloys and the input laser cutting parameters had a significant influence on the shape, size, and properties of the resulting striations and the heat-affected zone. The microstructure analysis of the manufactured samples revealed that a lower cutting speed deteriorated the quality and shape of the striations and also had a negative effect on the width and properties of the heat-affected zone.

• Keywords: laser cutting, thermal analysis, heat-affected zone, SEM