The article focuses on 16th-century idioms in the Dutch-speaking area, comparing them with their Slovene counterparts from the same period. The starting point for the contrastive phraseological analysis are the idioms depicted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder (1525/30–1569) in his painting Nederlandish Proverbs (1559). In the discussion, I answer the question from a historically synchronous perspective whether the same or similar proverbs can also be found in Slovene lexicographical sources, which, like Bruegel‘s painting, date from the second half of the 16th century. These are the first written sources in the Slovene literary language, and their specific characteristics play a key role in the results of the contrastive phraseological analysis between Dutch and Slovene for this period.Članek se osredotoča na frazeme 16. stoletja na nizozemsko govorečem področju in jih primerja z vzporednimi slovenskimi ustrezniki tega časa. Izhodišče za kontrastivno fra-zeološko analizo so frazemi, ki jih je upodobil Pieter Bruegel starejši (l525/30–1569) na sliki Nizozemski pregovori (1559). V razpravi iz zgodovinsko-sinhrone prespektive odgovarjam na vprašanje, ali je enake ali podobne pregovore najti tudi v slovenskih leksikografskih virih, ki – tako kot Brueglova slika – datirajo iz druge polovice 16. stoletja. Gre za prve pisne vire v slovenskem knjižnem jeziku sploh, njihove specifične lastnosti pa igrajo ključno vlogo pri rezultatih kontrastivne frazeološke analize med nizozemščino in slovenščino za to obdobje.
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