The dumb-bell fighting frequently depicted in situla art represents a regional form of boxing. In terms of content and iconography, it is similar to other variants of ancient fist-fighting, as it likewise includes judges and prizes. It can be assumed that it was performed on similar occasions: various communal or individual celebrations. Based on the depic-tions on situlas, these were likely cyclical festivals, serving as an important component in the lives of the upper class of the society. These festivals included religious and social elements, among which were boxing matches. It is also possible that these matches, be-yond competitive prestige, held other, deeper meanings. There is no reason not to see the dumb-bells – by which this form differs from other variants – as dangerous and rough implements, serving as a test of the competitors’ skill and courage.
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