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Aramaic Daniel Apocryphon (4Q246) : its interpretative challenges reconsidered
ID Krajnc, Aljaž (Author)

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Abstract
The Aramaic Daniel Apocryphon (4Q246) is among the most discussed Aramaic texts from Qumran, primarily due to its mention of a figure called the “Son of God” (ברה די אל) and the “Son of the Most High” (בר עליון). The fragmentary state of the scroll and its syntactic ambiguity have generated divergent interpretations, with some seeing the figure as a blasphemous foreign king and others as a positive, eschatological savior. This study reexamines 4Q246 through a fresh philological and structural analysis. It contains the edition, transla -tion, and detailed linguistic commentary of the text, together with a new proposal for dividing the work according to the alternation of positive and negative parts (A1–B1, A2–B2, A3–B3), which clarifies the internal structure of the text. Although the text changes the period it describes three times, the logical referents of the descriptions are only two periods, negative and positive. The analysis supports understanding the “Son of God” not as a negative or arrogant ruler, but as a positive, messianic figure who combines Davidic royal ideology with Danielic apocalyptic themes. Finally, the paper points out similarities between 4Q246 and Luke 1:32-35, suggesting they share theological ideas rather than having a direct literary connection.

Language:English
Keywords:4Q246, Aramaic Daniel Apocryphon, Qumran Aramaic, Son of God, Davidic messianism, Son of Man, apocalyptic literature, Dead Sea Scrolls, Luke 1:32-35
Work type:Article
Typology:1.02 - Review Article
Organization:TEOF - Theological Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Publication date:01.01.2025
Year:2025
Number of pages:Str. 603-620
Numbering:Letn. 85, [št.] 3
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-177658 This link opens in a new window
UDC:261-86ESE-2
ISSN on article:0006-5722
DOI:10.34291/BV2025/03/Krajnc This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:262676995 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:31.12.2025
Views:310
Downloads:192
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Bogoslovni vestnik
Shortened title:Bogosl. vestn.
Publisher:Bogoslovna akademija, Bogoslovna akademija, Teološka fakulteta v Ljubljani, Teološka fakulteta Univerze v Ljubljani, Založba Univerze v Ljubljani
ISSN:0006-5722
COBISS.SI-ID:8745472 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Title:Aramejski Danielov apokrif (4Q246) : ponovni razmislek o njegovih interpretativnih izzivih
Abstract:
Aramejski Danielov apokrif (4Q246) velja za eno najbolj diskutiranih aramejskih besedil najdenih med mrtvomorskimi zvitki predvsem zaradi omembe osebe, imenovane ‚Božji Sin‘ (ברה די אל) in ‚Sin Najvišjega‘ (בר עליון). Fragmentarno stanje zvitka in od tod izhajajoča sintaktična dvoumnost besedila sta vodila v različne interpretacije, pri čemer nekateri vidijo to osebo kot bogokletnega tujega kralja, drugi pa kot pozitivnega, eshatološkega odrešenika. Ta članek preučuje 4Q246 s pomočjo filološke in strukturne analize. Vsebuje izdajo, prevod in podrobni jezikovni komentar besedila, skupaj z novim predlogom razdelitve dela glede na izmenjavanje pozitivnih in negativnih delov (A1–B1, –B1, A3–B3), ki pojasnjuje notranjo strukturo besedila. Čeprav besedilo trikrat zamenja obdobje, ki ga opisuje, sta logična referenta opisov samo dve obdobji, negativno in pozitivno. Analiza podpira razumevanje »Božjega sina« ne kot negativnega ali arogantnega vladarja, ampak kot pozitivne, mesijanske figure, ki združuje pričakovanje mesije iz Davidovega rodu z apokaliptično figuro Sina človekovega iz Danielske tradicije. Nazadnje članek opozarja na podobnosti med 4Q246 in Lukom 1,32-35, kar kaže, da imata skupne teološke ideje, čeprav je nemogoče z gotovostjo sklepati na neposredno literarno povezavo.

Keywords:4Q246, aramejski Danielov apokrif, kumranska aramejščina, Božji Sin, mesija iz Davidovega rodu, apokaliptična literatura, Mrtvomorski rokopisi, Luka 1, 32-35

Projects

Funder:ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
Project number:P6-0262
Name:Vrednote v judovsko-krščanskih virih in tradiciji ter možnosti dialoga

Funder:ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
Project number:J6-50212
Name:Moč čustev in status ženskih likov v različnih literarnih žanrih Stare zaveze

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